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carry sb to victory

  • 1 carry

    1. transitive verb
    1) (transport) tragen; (with emphasis on destination) bringen; [Strom:] spülen; [Verkehrsmittel:] befördern

    carry all before one — (fig.) nicht aufzuhalten sein

    2) (conduct) leiten

    carry something into effect — etwas in die Tat umsetzen

    3) (support) tragen; (contain) fassen
    4) (have with one)

    carry [with one] — bei sich haben od. tragen; tragen [Waffe, Kennzeichen]

    5) (possess) besitzen [Autorität, Gewicht]; see also academic.ru/15886/conviction">conviction 2)
    6) (hold)

    she carries herself well — sie hat eine gute Haltung

    7) (prolong)

    carry modesty/altruism etc. to excess — die Bescheidenheit/den Altruismus usw. bis zum Exzess treiben

    8) (Math.): (transfer) im Sinn behalten

    carry one — eins im Sinn

    9) (win) durchbringen [Antrag, Gesetzentwurf, Vorschlag]

    carry the day — den Sieg davontragen

    2. intransitive verb
    [Stimme, Laut:] zu hören sein
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    ['kæri]
    1) (to take from one place etc to another: She carried the child over the river; Flies carry disease.) tragen
    2) (to go from one place to another: Sound carries better over water.) reichen; übertragen
    3) (to support: These stone columns carry the weight of the whole building.) tragen
    4) (to have or hold: This job carries great responsibility.) mit sich bringen
    5) (to approve (a bill etc) by a majority of votes: The parliamentary bill was carried by forty-two votes.) durchsetzen
    6) (to hold (oneself) in a certain way: He carries himself like a soldier.) sich haben
    •

    ((slang) a fuss; excited behaviour.)

    ((of bags or cases) that passengers can carry with them on board a plane.)

    - carry-all
    - carry-cot
    - be/get carried away
    - carry forward
    - carry off
    - carry on
    - carry out
    - carry weight
    * * *
    car·ry
    <- ie->
    [ˈkæri, AM ˈkeri]
    I. vt
    1. (bear)
    ▪ to \carry sb/sth jdn/etw tragen
    to \carry sb piggyback jdn huckepack tragen
    ▪ to \carry sth around etw mit sich dat herumtragen
    2. (move)
    ▪ to \carry sb/sth somewhere jdn/etw irgendwohin tragen
    the wind carried the leaves up in the air der Wind wirbelte die Blätter hoch
    to be carried downstream/down the river flussabwärts treiben
    ▪ to \carry sb/sth jdn/etw transportieren [o befördern]
    the bus was \carrying our children to school der Bus brachte unsere Kinder zur Schule
    the truck was not \carrying a load der Lastwagen war nicht beladen
    the stranded ship was \carrying cargo das gestrandete Schiff hatte eine Ladung an Bord
    4. (sustain the weight of)
    ▪ to \carry sb/sth jdn/etw tragen
    I'm so tired my legs won't \carry me ich bin so müde, ich kann mich kaum mehr auf den Beinen halten
    5. (have with you)
    ▪ to \carry sth [with one] etw bei sich dat haben [o tragen]
    it's risky to \carry a knife/revolver [with you] es ist riskant, ein Messer/einen Revolver bei sich zu tragen
    she always carries a picture of her mother with her [in her wallet] sie hat immer ein Bild von ihrer Mutter [in ihrer Brieftasche] bei sich
    6. (retain)
    to \carry sth in one's head etw [im Kopf] behalten
    to \carry the memory of sth [with one] etw in Erinnerung behalten
    7. (have, incur)
    ▪ to \carry sth etw haben; (have printed on) etw tragen
    murder used to \carry the death penalty auf Mord stand früher die Todesstrafe
    all cigarette packets \carry a warning auf allen Zigarettenpäckchen steht eine Warnung
    to \carry conviction überzeugend sein
    his speech carried a lot of conviction seine Rede klang sehr überzeugt
    to \carry insurance versichert sein
    to \carry a penalty eine [Geld]strafe nach sich ziehen
    to \carry responsibility Verantwortung tragen
    her job carries a lot of responsibility ihre Stelle bringt viel Verantwortung mit sich, sie trägt in ihrem Job viel Verantwortung
    to \carry sail NAUT Segel gesetzt haben
    to \carry weight with sb (influence) Einfluss auf jdn haben; (impress) jdn beeindrucken
    ▪ to \carry sth etw enthalten
    9. MUS
    to \carry a tune eine Melodie halten [können]
    10. (transmit)
    ▪ to \carry sth etw übertragen
    to \carry electricity/oil/water Strom/Erdöl/Wasser leiten
    11. MED
    ▪ to \carry sth etw übertragen
    malaria is carried by mosquitoes Malaria wird von Stechmücken übertragen
    ▪ to \carry sb für jdn aufkommen
    ▪ to \carry sth etw tragen; (sustain)
    to \carry an animal through the winter ein Tier über den Winter bringen
    the company is currently being carried by its export sales die Firma wird im Moment durch ihre Exporte getragen
    we cannot afford to \carry people who don't work hard Leute, die nicht hart arbeiten, sind für uns nicht tragbar
    many animals store food in autumn to \carry them through the winter viele Tier sammeln im Herbst Futter um damit durch den Winter zu kommen
    13. (have a certain posture, conduct)
    ▪ to \carry oneself:
    you can tell she's a dancer from the way that she carries herself an ihrer Haltung erkennt man gleich, dass sie Tänzerin ist
    to \carry one's head high ( fig) den Kopf hoch tragen fig
    to \carry oneself well sich akk gut halten; (posture also) eine gute Haltung haben
    14. (sell) shop
    ▪ to \carry sth etw führen
    15. (win)
    ▪ to \carry sb jdn auf seine Seite ziehen
    ▪ to \carry sth:
    the president carried most of the southern states der Präsident gewann in den meisten südlichen Bundesstaaten die Wahl
    to \carry the day den Sieg davontragen
    the party's popular plans will surely \carry the day at the next election mit ihren populären Vorhaben wird die Partei die nächsten Wahlen bestimmt für sich entscheiden
    16. usu passive (approve)
    ▪ to \carry sth etw dat zustimmen
    his motion was carried unanimously/by 210 votes to 160 sein Antrag wurde einstimmig/mit 210 zu 160 Stimmen angenommen
    17. JOURN
    ▪ to \carry sth über etw akk berichten, etw bringen fam
    the newspapers all \carry the same story on their front page die Zeitungen warten alle mit der gleichen Titelstory auf
    18. (develop)
    to \carry sth too far mit etw dat zu weit gehen
    to \carry sb's ideas further jds Ideen weiterentwickeln
    ▪ to \carry sth to sth etw zu etw dat führen
    to \carry an argument to its [logical] conclusion ein Argument [bis zum Schluss] durchdenken
    to \carry sth to an end etw zu Ende führen
    to \carry sth to extremes [or its limits] etw bis zum Exzess treiben
    to \carry the joke too far den Spaß zu weit treiben
    19. MATH
    to \carry a number (on paper) eine Zahl übertragen; (in one's head) eine Zahl [im Sinn] behalten
    3, \carry 1 3, behalte 1 [o 1 im Sinn
    20. (be pregnant)
    to \carry a child ein Kind erwarten, schwanger sein
    when I was \carrying Rajiv als ich mit Rajiv schwanger war
    21. (submit)
    to \carry one's complaints to sb jdm seine Beschwerden vortragen
    22. FIN
    to \carry interest Zinsen abwerfen
    the bonds \carry interest at 10% die Wertpapiere werfen 10 % Zinsen ab
    23.
    ▶ to \carry all before one/it (be successful) vollen Erfolg haben; ( hum: have big breasts) viel Holz vor der Hütte haben hum
    ▶ to have to \carry the can BRIT ( fam) die Sache ausbaden müssen fam
    ▶ to \carry a torch for sb ( fam) jdn anhimmeln fam
    II. vi
    1. (be audible) zu hören sein
    the actors' voices carried right to the back die Darsteller waren bis in die letzte Reihe zu hören
    2. (fly) fliegen
    the ball carried high into the air der Ball flog hoch in die Luft
    III. n FIN Kreditkosten pl
    positive/negative \carry finanzieller Gewinn/Verlust
    * * *
    ['krɪ]
    1. vt
    1) load, person, object tragen; message (über)bringen
    2) (vehicle = convey) befördern; goods also transportieren

    a boat carrying missiles to Cuba —

    the wind carried the sound to him — der Wind trug die Laute zu ihm hin or an sein Ohr

    3) (= have on person) documents, money bei sich haben or führen (form); gun, sword tragen
    4) (fig)

    he carried his audience (along) with him — er riss das Publikum mit, er begeisterte das Publikum

    the loan carries 5% interest — das Darlehen wird mit 5% verzinst

    this job carries extra pay/a lot of responsibility — dieser Posten bringt eine höhere Bezahlung/viel Verantwortung mit sich

    the offence carries a penalty of £50 — auf dies Vergehen or darauf steht eine Geldstrafe von £ 50

    5) (bridge etc = support) tragen, stützen
    6) (COMM) goods, stock führen, (auf Lager) haben
    7) (TECH pipe) water, oil, electricity führen; (wire) sound (weiter)leiten, übertragen
    8) (= extend) führen, (ver)legen
    9) (= win) einnehmen, erobern

    to carry the day —

    to carry all before one ( hum woman ) —, woman ) viel Holz vor der Tür haben (inf)

    the motion was carried unanimously —

    10)

    he carries himself well/like a soldier — er hat eine gute/soldatische Haltung

    11) (PRESS) story, photo bringen
    12) (MED)

    people carrying the AIDS virus — Menschen, die das Aidsvirus in sich (dat) tragen

    13) (= be pregnant with) erwarten, schwanger gehen mit (geh)

    to be carrying a child — schwanger sein, ein Kind erwarten

    14) (MATH)

    ... and carry 2 —... übertrage or behalte 2,... und 2 im Sinn (inf)

    2. vi
    1) (voice, sound) tragen

    the sound of the alphorn carried for miles — der Klang des Alphorns war meilenweit zu hören

    2) (ball, arrow) fliegen
    * * *
    carry [ˈkærı]
    A s
    1. Trag-, Schussweite f
    2. Golf: Flugstrecke f (des Balls)
    3. US → portage A 3
    B v/t
    1. tragen:
    carry sth in one’s hand;
    he carried his jacket er trug seine Jacke (über dem Arm);
    she lost the baby she was carrying sie verlor das Kind, das sie unter dem Herzen trug;
    pillars carrying an arch bogentragende Pfeiler;
    carry one’s head high den Kopf hoch tragen;
    carry o.s. well
    a) sich gut halten,
    b) sich gut benehmen;
    carry a disease eine Krankheit weitertragen oder verbreiten;
    carry sails SCHIFF Segel führen;
    he knows how to carry his liquor er kann eine Menge (Alkohol) vertragen;
    he can’t carry his liquor er verträgt nichts;
    as fast as his legs could carry him so schnell ihn seine Beine trugen;
    a) auf der ganzen Linie siegen oder erfolgreich sein,
    b) hum viel Holz vor der Hütte (einen großen Busen) haben;
    they carry the British hopes sie tragen oder auf ihnen ruhen die britischen Hoffnungen
    2. fig tragen, (unter)stützen
    3. bringen, tragen, führen, schaffen, befördern:
    a taxi carried me to the station ein Taxi brachte mich zum Bahnhof;
    carry mail BAHN Post befördern;
    the pipes carry water die Rohre führen Wasser; → coal A 4
    4. eine Nachricht etc (über)bringen:
    he carried his complaint to the manager er trug seine Beschwerde dem Geschäftsführer vor
    5. mitführen, mit sich oder bei sich tragen:
    carry a watch eine Uhr tragen oder haben;
    carry sth in one’s head fig etwas im Kopf haben oder behalten;
    carry sth with one fig etwas im Geiste mit sich herumtragen
    6. fig (an sich oder zum Inhalt) haben:
    carry conviction überzeugen(d sein oder klingen);
    carry a moral eine Moral (zum Inhalt) haben;
    carry no risk mit keinem Risiko verbunden sein;
    carry (a lot of) weight ( oder authority) Gewicht oder Bedeutung haben, viel gelten ( with bei);
    this does not carry any weight with him das beeindruckt ihn nicht im Mindesten
    7. fig nach sich ziehen, zur Folge haben:
    treason carries the death penalty auf Hochverrat steht die Todesstrafe;
    carry consequences Folgen haben
    8. weiterführen, (hindurch-, hinauf- etc)führen, eine Hecke, Mauer, etc ziehen:
    carry the chimney through the roof den Schornstein durch das Dach führen
    9. fig fortreißen, überwältigen:
    carry the audience with one die Zuhörer mitreißen;
    carry sb to victory SPORT jemanden zum Sieg treiben
    10. fig treiben:
    carry sth too far ( oder to excess) etwas übertreiben oder zu weit treiben;
    carry it with a high hand gebieterisch auftreten
    11. fig
    a) erreichen, durchsetzen:
    carry sth into effect etwas verwirklichen oder ausführen; → point A 22
    b) PARL einen Antrag etc durchbringen:
    carry a motion unanimously einen Antrag einstimmig annehmen;
    the motion was carried der Antrag ging durch
    12. fig
    a) einen Preis etc erlangen, erringen, gewinnen
    b) siegreich oder erfolgreich aus einer Wahl etc hervorgehen; → day Bes Redew
    c) MIL eine Festung etc (ein)nehmen, erobern
    13. Früchte etc tragen, hervorbringen
    14. Mineralien etc führen, enthalten
    15. tragen, unterhalten, ernähren:
    16. einen Bericht etc bringen:
    the press carried the statement without comment die Presse brachte oder veröffentlichte die Erklärung kommentarlos
    17. WIRTSCH
    a) eine Ware führen
    b) eine Schuld etc in den Büchern führen
    c) Zinsen tragen: → interest A 11
    d) eine Versicherung etc zahlen:
    carry insurance versichert sein
    18. JAGD die Spur festhalten (Hund)
    19. MUS einen Ton, eine Melodie tragen
    C v/i
    1. tragen ( auch MUS Ton, Stimme)
    2. den Kopf gut etc halten (Pferd):
    3. tragen, reichen (Stimme, Schusswaffe etc):
    his voice carries far seine Stimme trägt weit
    4. sich gut etc tragen lassen
    5. fliegen (Ball etc)
    6. besonders US Anklang finden, einschlagen umg (Kunstwerk etc)
    * * *
    1. transitive verb
    1) (transport) tragen; (with emphasis on destination) bringen; [Strom:] spülen; [Verkehrsmittel:] befördern

    carry all before one — (fig.) nicht aufzuhalten sein

    2) (conduct) leiten
    3) (support) tragen; (contain) fassen

    carry [with one] — bei sich haben od. tragen; tragen [Waffe, Kennzeichen]

    5) (possess) besitzen [Autorität, Gewicht]; see also conviction 2)

    carry modesty/altruism etc. to excess — die Bescheidenheit/den Altruismus usw. bis zum Exzess treiben

    8) (Math.): (transfer) im Sinn behalten
    9) (win) durchbringen [Antrag, Gesetzentwurf, Vorschlag]
    2. intransitive verb
    [Stimme, Laut:] zu hören sein
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    v.
    befördern v.
    tragen v.
    (§ p.,pp.: trug, getragen)
    übertragen v.

    English-german dictionary > carry

  • 2 carry

    ['kærɪ] 1. гл.
    1) нести, носить; относить; переносить

    He was carrying a briefcase. — Он нёс портфель.

    The bellhop carried the luggage upstairs. — Коридорный отнёс вещи наверх.

    You'll have to carry that long word on to the next line. — Тебе придётся перенести это длинное слово на следующую строчку.

    Syn:
    bear I, bring, fetch I 1.
    2) = carry over везти, возить, перевозить

    The ship could carry 70 passengers. — Судно могло перевезти 70 пассажиров.

    That car carried me and friends to every corner of England, Scotland and Wales. — На этой машине я и мои друзья исколесили всю Англию, Шотландию и Уэльс.

    Syn:
    bear I, bring, convey, fetch I 1., haul 2., tote II, transfer 2., transmit 2., transport
    3) = carry about иметь при себе, носить с собой

    You have to carry a mobile so that they can call you in at any time. — Вы должны всегда иметь при себе сотовый телефон, чтобы до вас можно было дозвониться в любое время.

    4) вести, доставлять (силой, в качестве заключённого или пленника)

    Apprehend and carry him before a justice. — Задержи его и доставь в суд.

    5) содержать, заключать; нести в себе

    The book carries many tables. — Книга содержит много таблиц.

    6) нести, хранить ( в сердце), держать ( в памяти)

    to carry smth. in one's head / mind — держать что-л. в уме, в памяти; вынашивать

    Now the time had come for a plan he had carried in his mind for a long time. — Теперь настало время осуществить план, который он долго вынашивал.

    Carry it in your mind, in your soul. — Храните это в своём сердце, в своей душе.

    7) мат. держать в уме
    8) носить ( ребёнка), быть беременной

    She told him the baby she was carrying was not his. — Она сказала ему, что ребёнок, которого она носит, не от него.

    9) иметь (какие-л. признаки, свойства)

    Both carried grave faces. — У обоих были серьёзные лица.

    - carry weight
    - carry authority
    - carry a price
    10) выражать (какие-л. чувства)

    His speech carried so much conviction that I had to agree with him. — В его речи была такая убеждённость, что я не мог не согласиться с ним.

    11) нести, направлять (о трубе, канале)

    The drain carries sewage. — Эта канализационная труба выводит сточные воды.

    12) мед. разносить ( болезни), заражать

    The official number of people carrying the AIDS virus is low. — По официальным данным, число людей, являющихся носителями вируса СПИД, невелико.

    Frogs eat pests which destroy crops and carry diseases. — Лягушки едят насекомых-вредителей, которые уничтожают урожай и разносят болезни.

    Insects carry the pollen from plant to plant. — Насекомые переносят пыльцу с одного цветка на другой.

    13) сообщать, передавать, распространять

    All the newspapers carried the story. — Все газеты сообщили об этой истории.

    Syn:
    14) доходить, доноситься, долетать ( о звуке)
    15) выпускать, выстреливать, вылетать (о мяче, стреле)

    The ball carried high into the air. — Мяч взлетел высоко в воздух.

    16) достигать (определённой точки; о мяче, снаряде)

    as high as a crossbow can carry — на такую высоту, до которой может долететь арбалетная стрела

    17) приводить, побуждать к движению

    A mission carried him in early life to Italy. — Призвание привело его в юные годы в Италию.

    18) продолжать, удлинять; заводить, доводить (до какого-л. места)

    They did not carry this tower to the height it now is. — Они не достроили башню до той высоты, какую она имеет сейчас.

    The defences were not carried down to the water. — Оборонительные сооружения не были подведены к воде.

    19) нести на себе тяжесть, нагрузку

    The walls carry the weight of the roof. — Стены несут на себе тяжесть крыши.

    Syn:
    20) нести на своих плечах, тянуть

    Luckily they had a very strong actor in the main part and he managed to carry the whole play. — К счастью, в основной части был занят очень сильный актёр, и ему удалось вытянуть на себе весь спектакль.

    The money will carry me through the week. — Эти деньги позволят мне продержаться неделю.

    Syn:
    22) вызывать, влечь за собой

    A moment of carelessness or plain stupidity carried consequences that lasted forever. — Минутная беспечность или простая глупость повлекла за собой последствия, которые длились всю жизнь.

    In some countries, murder carries the death penalty. — В некоторых странах убийство карается смертью.

    Syn:
    23)
    а) = carry away / off выиграть (приз, соревнования), одержать победу

    to carry the victory — добиться победы, одержать победу

    Jim carried off most of the prizes at the races. — Джим выиграл большую часть призов на скачках.

    б) амер. выиграть на выборах (в округе, штате)

    Our party carried the state, as usual. — Наша партия, как обычно, выиграла в этом штате.

    24) = carry along увлекать за собой, вести

    to carry smb. with oneself — повести кого-л. за собой

    He carried his audience with him. — Он увлёк слушателей.

    The management's plans to reorganize the company won't succeed unless they can carry the workforce with them. — Планы руководства по реорганизации компании не будут выполнены, если ему не удастся завоевать симпатии рядовых сотрудников.

    The politician carried his hearers along with his speech. — Политик своей речью увлёк слушателей.

    Syn:
    25)
    а) держаться, держать голову (о манере, осанке)
    б) держаться; вести себя

    She carried herself with a wonderful air. — Она прекрасно держалась.

    Syn:
    26) проводить, принимать ( правовой акт)

    The bill was carried. — Законопроект был принят.

    The remaining clauses were carried unanimously. — Оставшиеся статьи были приняты единогласно.

    The proposal was carried by 210 votes to 160. — Предложение было принято 210 голосами против 160.

    27) приносить (доход, процент)
    28) амер. торговать, продавать, поставлять; иметь в наличии

    The shop carries only name brands. — Магазин торгует только фирменными товарами.

    Syn:
    29) амер. печатать, помещать статью (в газете, журнале)

    We carry big ads in all the papers. — Мы печатаем большие рекламные объявления во всех газетах.

    30) фин. переносить (на другую страницу; в бухгалтерском учёте)
    •
    - carry away
    - carry down
    - carry forward
    - carry off
    - carry on
    - carry out
    - carry over
    - carry through
    - carry up
    ••

    to carry too many guns — взяться за непосильное дело; переоценить свои силы

    to carry smb. off his feet — впечатлять, ошеломлять

    to carry to excess / too far — заходить, заводить слишком далеко

    to carry into execution / practice — осуществлять, приводить в исполнение, проводить в жизнь

    - carry to extremes
    - carry all before one
    - carry everything before one     2. сущ.
    1) переноска; перевозка, транспортировка

    Schmitty hung him over his shoulder in a comfortable carry. — Шмитти перекинул его через плечо, чтобы удобно было нести.

    2) транспортное средство, средство для перевозки
    Syn:
    4) спорт. перенос мяча ( в американском футболе)
    5) воен. положение "на плечо"
    6) дальнобойность ( орудия); дальность полёта (снаряда, мяча)
    7) амер.; канад. волок ( лодки)
    8) шотл. движение облаков ( сносимых ветром)

    Англо-русский современный словарь > carry

  • 3 carry the palm

    одержать победу глагол:

    Англо-русский синонимический словарь > carry the palm

  • 4 carry the garland

    книжн.
    (carry (carry away, gain, get, go away with или win) the garland)
    добиться пальмы первенства, одержать победу

    Nor is Prince Karl's left wing gaining garlands at this moment. And it is on his right wing that Prince Karl is depending for victory... (Th. Carlyle, ‘History of Friedrich II, Called the Great’, vol. V, book XIII, ch. XIII) — Левое крыло армии принца Карла не может похвалиться успехами, и принц Карл возлагает все надежды на правое крыло...

    Large English-Russian phrasebook > carry the garland

  • 5 win a victory

    одержать победу глагол:

    Англо-русский синонимический словарь > win a victory

  • 6 gain a victory

    одержать победу глагол:

    Англо-русский синонимический словарь > gain a victory

  • 7 secure a victory

    одержать победу глагол:

    Англо-русский синонимический словарь > secure a victory

  • 8 day

    deɪ сущ.
    1) о явлениях природы а) день;
    сутки Hours, days, months, which are the rags of time. ≈ Часы, дни, месяцы - вот во что рядится время. on that day ≈ в тот день all (the) day ≈ весь день chilly day, cool day ≈ прохладный день clear day, nice day ≈ ясный, хороший денек cloudy day ≈ пасмурный день cold day ≈ холодный день foggy day ≈ туманный день gloomy day ≈ хмурый день hot day, stifling day ≈ жаркий, душный день rainy day ≈ дождливый день sunny day ≈ солнечный день warm day ≈ теплый день day in, day out ≈ изо дня в день first day( of the week) ≈ воскресенье far in the day ≈ к концу дня three times a day ≈ три раза в день within several days ≈ через несколько дней, в течение нескольких дней back in the old days ≈ назад к старине eventful day memorable day red-letter day astronomical day civil day holy day nautical day opening day solar day visiting day wedding day day breaks day dawns all day long by the day for a day in a day the day every other day day about other day present day day after tomorrow day before day before yesterday one of those days day out б) дневное время, световой день London by day ≈ Лондон днем The longest day is equal to the longest night. ≈ Самый длинный день равен самой длинной ночи. at day before day between two days by day в) геол. дневная поверхность;
    геол. горн. пласт, ближайший к земной поверхности;
    земля вокруг отверстия шахты
    2) а) часто мн. период, отрезок времени;
    эпоха in the days of yore/old ≈ в старину, в былые времена in these latter days ≈ в последнее время in days to come ≈ в будущем, в грядущие времена men of the day ≈ видные люди( эпохи) б) пора, время ( расцвета, упадка и т. п.) ;
    человеческая жизнь I have had vanities enough in my day. ≈ В свое время я был куда как тщеславен. close one's days end one's days have had one's day have seen one's day one's early days His day is gone. ≈ Его время прошло. His days are numbered. ≈ Дни его сочтены. Every dog has had his day. ≈ посл. У каждого были светлые минуты. в) день, дата The day of payment should be 13th August. ≈ Дата выплаты назначается на 13 августа.
    3) знаменательный день banner day high day Inauguration Day May Day Victory Day
    4) великий день (особенно боевая победа), день, полный дел;
    юр. рабочий день I say, we've had quite a day. ≈ Скажу так - поработали на славу. The day is ours. ≈ Мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение. The day must be eight ours. ≈ Рабочий день должен длиться восемь часов. carry the day lose the day win the day ∙ the dog days rather late in the day ≈ поздновато;
    увы, слишком поздно she is fifty if she is a day ≈ ей все пятьдесят (лет), никак не меньше to be on one's day ≈ быть в ударе to make a day of it ≈ весело провести день every day is not Sunday посл. ≈ не все коту масленица to name on/in the same day with ≈ поставить на одну доску с кем-л., чем-л. I rue the day ≈ проклинаю тот день it was a big day for our team ≈ нашей команде в тот день повезло the good old days ≈ старые добрые времена день - every * каждый день;
    что ни день - any * в любoй день;
    в любое время;
    со дня на день - every other *, * about через день - twice а * два раза в день, дважды на дню - all * весь день - all * long день-деньской, с утра до вечера, весь день нaпролет - * and night, night and * день и ночь;
    круглосуточно - between two *s (американизм) ночью - the * before накануне - the * before yesterday третьего дня, позавчера - the * after tomorrow послезавтра - in two *s через два дня - two *s after через два дня - а few *s ago несколько дней назад - * after *, * by *, * in and * out день за днем, изо дня в день - * out день, проведенный вне дома;
    свободный день прислуги - * of rest, * off выходной день день, дневное время - parting * время перед заходом солнца;
    день, склоняющийся к закату - broad * день, днем - at * на рассвете, на заре - before * затемно, до рассвета - by * днем - break of * рассвет;
    восход солнца - the * breaks заря занимается рабочий день - seven-hour * семичасовой рабочий день - *'s takings ежедневная выручка - (to work) by the * (работать) поденно определенный день, определенное число;
    (календарная) дата - Victory D. День Победы - May D. Первое мая - the * (диалектизм) сегодня;
    - (оn) this * в этот день - оn the * of his arrival в день eго приезда - this * week (в тот же день) через неделю - the previous * накануне - till this * до этого дня - from this * оn с этого дня, начиная с этого дня - оn this very * в тот же самый день - to fix а * назначнтъ день - *s in court (юридическое) дни судебных заседаний - those аrе her *s по этим дням она принимает день, сутки, двадцать четыре часа - * clock часы с суточным заводом - * duty двадцатичетырехчасовая вахта - solar * солнечные сутки - mean solar * средние солнечные сутки - civil * гражданские сутки - lunar * лунный день;
    лунные сутки - sidereal * звездные сутки - *'s length продолжительность в одни сутки - *'s allowance суточная дача - *'s provisions суточный запас продовольствия - two *'s journey двухдневное путешествие - five *s from Paris в пяти днях( езды) от Парижа - * of fire (военное) суточный расход боеприпасов, боекомплект решающий день;
    битва, сражение - to carry /to win, to get/ the * одержать победу, выиграть битву;
    взять верх - to lose the * проиграть сражение, потерпеть поражение - to save the * успешно закончить неудачно начатый бой;
    спасти положение - thе * is ours победа за нами;
    наша взяла - the * is against us мы проиграли битву;
    все кончено, наше дело - табак - а fair * (устаревшее) победа в бою часто pl время, эра, эпоха - men and women of the * люди того или нашего времени - men of the * знаменитости эпохи - men of other *s мужчины другой эпохи - (in) these *s (в) эти дни - (in) these latter *s, (in) оur own * (в) наши дни, (в) наше время - (in) the *(s) of Shakespeare, (in) Shakespeare's *(s) (во) времена Шекспира - at the present * в наши дни, в настоящее время - in *s to come в будущем;
    в грядущем - in the *s of old, in olden *s, in *s gone by в былые времена;
    во время оно часто pl период, срок, пора - some * когда-нибудь;
    в ближайшее время;
    в недалеком будущем - (up) to the present * до настоящего времени, и по сию пору - at some future * в будущем;
    как-нибудь на днях - *s of grace( коммерческое) льготный срок - lay *s (коммерческое) срок погрузки и разгрузки судов обыкн pl дни жизни, жизнь - better *s лучшие дни жизни, лучшая пора - he has seen his better *s он знавал лучшие времена - (one's) early *s юношеские годы - in one's boyhood *s в детстве - till one's dying * до конца дней своих - in one's last *s при последнем издыхании - to close one's *s окончить дни свои, умереть - in all one's born *s за всю свою жизнь - his *s are numbered его дни сочтены - the horse worked its *s out лошадь отжила свое определенный период жизни, пора - he was а great singer in his * когда-то он был великолепным певцом - I read much in my * было время, когда я много читал, в свое время к много читал пора расцвета, процветания - one's * is gone счастливая пора окончилась - he has had his * его время прошло (геология) дневной пласт, дневная поверхность (астрономия) период оборота небесного тела - the moon's * сидерический /звездный/ месяц > D. of Doom /Judgement, Wrath, Reckoning/ (религия) судный день, день страшного суда;
    > Аll Fools' *, April Fool's * 1-е апреля;
    > one * однажды, как-то раз;
    в один прекрасный день;
    в ближайшие дни;
    > I'll see you one * я как-нибудь зайду к вам;
    > оnе fine * в один прекрасный день;
    > one of these *s в ближайшие дни;
    > some * когда-нибудь;
    > the оther * не так давно, на днях;
    > early in the * вовремя;
    > (rather) late in the * поздновато;
    > good *! добрый день!;
    до свидания;
    > the * 's needs насущные потребности;
    > сар and feather *s дни детства, детство;
    > any * бесспорно, несомненно;
    > black-letter * будний день;
    > red-letter * праздник;
    табельный день;
    счастливый день;
    > of а * мимолетный, недолговечный;
    > to а * день в день;
    > all * with smb. (американизм) гиблое дело, "крышка";
    > а * after the fair слишком поздно: > а * before the fair слишком рано;
    > (to be) оn the * (быть) в ударе;
    > in this * and age в нaше с вами время;
    > she is fifty if she is а * ей все пятьдесят;
    > to name the * назначить день свадьбы;
    > to keep one's * быть пунктуальным, являться вовремя;
    > let's call it а * кончим на этом;
    на сегодня довольно;
    > to make а * of it прекрасно провести день;
    > а fine * for the young ducks дождь идет - уткам раздолье;
    дождливый день;
    > to praise а fair * at night хвалйть что-л. с опозданием;
    > to nаmе smb. in the same * ставить кого-л. на одну доску;
    > clear as * ясно как день;
    > as the * is long исключительно, на редкость;
    > that will be the *! вряд ли на это можно рассчитывать;
    это мало вероятно;
    > every * is nоt Sunday (пословица) не все коту масленица;
    не каждый день праздник бывает;
    > drunken *s have all their tomorrow (пословица) пьяный скачет, а проспался - плачет;
    > sufficient for the * is the evil thereof( библеизм) довлеет дневи злоба его;
    > every dog has his * (пословица) у всякого бывает полоса удачи account ~ расчетный день на Лондонской фондовой бирже accounting ~ день урегулирования платежей accounting ~ последний день расчетного периода accounting ~ расчетный день на Лондонской фондовой бирже accounting ~ учетный день all ~ long день-деньской;
    by the day поденно appointed ~ назначеннный день appointed ~ назначенный день as from that ~ с этого числа ~ дневное время;
    by day днем;
    at day на заре, на рассвете;
    before day до рассвета;
    between two days амер. ночью to be on one's ~ быть в ударе ~ дневное время;
    by day днем;
    at day на заре, на рассвете;
    before day до рассвета;
    between two days амер. ночью ~ дневное время;
    by day днем;
    at day на заре, на рассвете;
    before day до рассвета;
    between two days амер. ночью business ~ время работы банка business ~ время работы биржи business ~ рабочий день ~ дневное время;
    by day днем;
    at day на заре, на рассвете;
    before day до рассвета;
    between two days амер. ночью all ~ long день-деньской;
    by the day поденно carrying-over ~ бирж. день отсрочки сделки carrying-over ~ бирж. день репорта civil ~ гражданские сутки (исчисляются от 12 ч. ночи) clearing ~ день взаимных расчетов contango ~ день контанго contango ~ первый день расчета на Лондонской фондовой бирже continuation ~ бирж. день контанго continuation ~ бирж. первый день расчетного периода на Лондонской фондовой бирже court ~ день суда court ~ день судебного присутствия a creature of a ~ недолговечное существо или явление a creature of a ~ зоол. эфемерида day день;
    сутки;
    on that day в тот день;
    all (the) day весь день ~ день ~ геол. дневная поверхность;
    пласт, ближайший к земной поверхности ~ дневное время;
    by day днем;
    at day на заре, на рассвете;
    before day до рассвета;
    between two days амер. ночью ~ знаменательный день;
    May Day Первое мая;
    Victory Day День Победы;
    Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США;
    high (или banner) day праздник ~ (часто pl) период, отрезок времени;
    эпоха;
    in the days of yore (или old) в старину, в былые времена;
    in these latter days в последнее время ~ победа;
    to carry (или to win) the day одержать победу;
    the day is ours мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение;
    to lose the day проиграть сражение ~ пора, время (расцвета, упадка и т. п.) ;
    вся жизнь человека;
    to have had (или to have seen) one's day устареть, отслужить свое, выйти из употребления ~ сутки the ~ текущий день;
    every other day, day about через день the ~ текущий день;
    every other day, day about через день to a ~ день в день;
    early in the day вовремя;
    rather late in the day поздновато;
    увы, слишком поздно;
    a day after the fair слишком поздно fair: ~ выставка;
    world fair всемирная выставка;
    the day after the fair слишком поздно the ~ after tomorrow послезавтра a ~ before the fair слишком рано, преждевременно ~ by (или after) ~, from ~ to ~ день за днем;
    изо дня в день;
    со дня на день one of these ~s в один из ближайших дней;
    day in, day out изо дня в день ~ победа;
    to carry (или to win) the day одержать победу;
    the day is ours мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение;
    to lose the day проиграть сражение ~ of absence день отсутствия ~ of absence неприсутственный день ~ of credit день кредитования the ~ of doom (или of judgement) библ. день страшного суда;
    конец света, светопреставление ~ of grace день отсрочки ~ of grace льготный день (для уплаты по векселю) ~ of grace льготный срок ~ of illness день отсутствия на работе по болезни ~ of maturity день наступления срока платежа ~ of payment день платежа ~ of sale день продажи ~ of settlement день заключения сделки ~ of settlement день заключения соглашения ~ of the month день месяца ~ of transaction день заключения сделки ~ of validation день оценки ~ off выходной день ~ out день, проведенный вне дома ~ out свободный день для прислуги one of these ~s в один из ближайших дней;
    day in, day out изо дня в день discharging ~ суд. день разгрузки due ~ день платежа to a ~ день в день;
    early in the day вовремя;
    rather late in the day поздновато;
    увы, слишком поздно;
    a day after the fair слишком поздно early: ~ рано;
    early in the year в начале года;
    early in life в молодости;
    early in the day рано утром;
    перен. заблаговременно election ~ день выборов to save the ~ спасти положение;
    every day is not Sunday посл. = не все коту масленица;
    to name on (или in) the same day with = поставить на одну доску с every other ~ (EOD) через день the ~ текущий день;
    every other day, day about через день every second ~ каждый второй день far in the ~ к концу дня;
    this day (week, month, etc.) ровно через неделю (месяц и т. п.) ;
    спустя неделю;
    three times a day три раза в день far: ~ and wide всесторонне;
    he saw far and wide он обладал широким кругозором;
    far in the day к концу дня;
    far into the night допоздна first ~ (of the week) воскресенье first intermediate ~ бирж. первый день среднего срока (четвертый день) ~ by (или after) ~, from ~ to ~ день за днем;
    изо дня в день;
    со дня на день good ~ до свидания good ~ добрый день ~ пора, время (расцвета, упадка и т. п.) ;
    вся жизнь человека;
    to have had (или to have seen) one's day устареть, отслужить свое, выйти из употребления he will see his better days yet он еще оправится, наступят и для него лучшие времена;
    one's early days юность ~ знаменательный день;
    May Day Первое мая;
    Victory Day День Победы;
    Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США;
    high (или banner) day праздник high ~ праздник, праздничный день his ~ is gone его время прошло, окончилась его счастливая пора;
    his days are numbered дни его сочтены;
    to close (или to end) one's days окончить дни свои;
    скончаться;
    покончить счеты с жизнью his ~ is gone его время прошло, окончилась его счастливая пора;
    his days are numbered дни его сочтены;
    to close (или to end) one's days окончить дни свои;
    скончаться;
    покончить счеты с жизнью number: ~ уст. считать, пересчитывать;
    his days are numbered его дни сочтены if a ~ ни больше ни меньше;
    как раз in days to come в будущем, в грядущие времена;
    men of the day видные люди (эпохи) ~ (часто pl) период, отрезок времени;
    эпоха;
    in the days of yore (или old) в старину, в былые времена;
    in these latter days в последнее время ~ (часто pl) период, отрезок времени;
    эпоха;
    in the days of yore (или old) в старину, в былые времена;
    in these latter days в последнее время latter: latter (сравн. ст. от late) недавний;
    in these latter days в наше время;
    the latter half of the week вторая половина недели ~ знаменательный день;
    May Day Первое мая;
    Victory Day День Победы;
    Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США;
    high (или banner) day праздник inauguration ~ день вступления в должность independence ~ День независимости interest ~ день выплаты процентов juridical ~ присутственный день в суде to call it a ~ считать дело законченным;
    let us call it a day на сегодня хватит ~ победа;
    to carry (или to win) the day одержать победу;
    the day is ours мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение;
    to lose the day проиграть сражение to make a ~ of it весело провести день making-up ~ день подведения баланса making-up ~ день подведения итога making-up ~ первый день ликвидационного периода maturity ~ день наступления срока платежа ~ знаменательный день;
    May Day Первое мая;
    Victory Day День Победы;
    Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США;
    high (или banner) day праздник May: May Day праздник Первого мая in days to come в будущем, в грядущие времена;
    men of the day видные люди (эпохи) name ~ второй день расчетного периода на Лондонской фондовой бирже to save the ~ спасти положение;
    every day is not Sunday посл. = не все коту масленица;
    to name on (или in) the same day with = поставить на одну доску с named ~ второй день расчетного периода на Лондонской фондовой бирже national ~ национальный праздник nonworking ~ нерабочий день day день;
    сутки;
    on that day в тот день;
    all (the) day весь день one ~ однажды one of these ~s в один из ближайших дней;
    day in, day out изо дня в день he will see his better days yet он еще оправится, наступят и для него лучшие времена;
    one's early days юность early: ~ ранний;
    the early bird шутл. ранняя пташка;
    at an early date в ближайшем будущем;
    it is early days yet еще слишком рано, время не настало;
    one's early days юность open ~ день открытых дверей the other ~ на днях other: ~ (с сущ. во мн. ч.) остальные;
    the other students остальные студенты;
    the other day на днях, недавно pay ~ день выплаты зарплаты pay ~ день урегулирования платежей pay ~ последний день расчетного периода pay ~ расчетный день payout ~ день выплаты polling ~ день выборов polling ~ день голосования the present ~ сегодня;
    текущий день to a ~ день в день;
    early in the day вовремя;
    rather late in the day поздновато;
    увы, слишком поздно;
    a day after the fair слишком поздно return ~ день возврата судебного приказа rollover ~ дата очередной фиксации плавающей ставки по кредиту to save the ~ спасти положение;
    every day is not Sunday посл. = не все коту масленица;
    to name on (или in) the same day with = поставить на одну доску с second intermediate ~ второй средний срок settlement ~ день расчета по сделке с ценными бумагами settlement ~ последний день ликвидационного периода settlement ~ расчетный день settling ~ расчетный день she is fifty if she is a ~ ей все пятьдесят (лет), никак не меньше solar (или astronomical, nautical) ~ астрономические сутки( исчисляются от 12 ч. дня) some ~ когда-нибудь;
    как-нибудь на днях some: ~ day, ~ time (or other) когданибудь;
    some one какой-нибудь( один) ;
    some people некоторые люди summer's ~ длинный день summer's ~ летний день far in the ~ к концу дня;
    this day (week, month, etc.) ровно через неделю (месяц и т. п.) ;
    спустя неделю;
    three times a day три раза в день this: ~ pron demonstr. (pl these) этот, эта, это this day сегодня far in the ~ к концу дня;
    this day (week, month, etc.) ровно через неделю (месяц и т. п.) ;
    спустя неделю;
    three times a day три раза в день ticket ~ второй день ликвидационного периода на фондовой бирже to a ~ день в день;
    early in the day вовремя;
    rather late in the day поздновато;
    увы, слишком поздно;
    a day after the fair слишком поздно trading ~ операционный день( на бирже) transaction ~ день исполнения сделки transaction ~ операционный день value ~ дата, с которой депозит начинает приносить проценты value ~ дата зачисления денег на банковский счет value ~ дата поставки срочного депозита value ~ дата поставки ценной бумаги ~ знаменательный день;
    May Day Первое мая;
    Victory Day День Победы;
    Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США;
    high (или banner) day праздник waiting ~ день ожидания weekly ~ off еженедельный выходной день weekly ~ off еженедельный день отдыха working ~ = workday workday: workday будний день;
    рабочий день ~ будний день ~ рабочий день working ~ = workday working ~ будний день working ~ рабочий день, будний день working ~ рабочий день

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > day

  • 9 day

    [deɪ]
    account day расчетный день на Лондонской фондовой бирже accounting day день урегулирования платежей accounting day последний день расчетного периода accounting day расчетный день на Лондонской фондовой бирже accounting day учетный день all day long день-деньской; by the day поденно appointed day назначеннный день appointed day назначенный день as from that day с этого числа day дневное время; by day днем; at day на заре, на рассвете; before day до рассвета; between two days амер. ночью to be on one's day быть в ударе day дневное время; by day днем; at day на заре, на рассвете; before day до рассвета; between two days амер. ночью day дневное время; by day днем; at day на заре, на рассвете; before day до рассвета; between two days амер. ночью business day время работы банка business day время работы биржи business day рабочий день day дневное время; by day днем; at day на заре, на рассвете; before day до рассвета; between two days амер. ночью all day long день-деньской; by the day поденно carrying-over day бирж. день отсрочки сделки carrying-over day бирж. день репорта civil day гражданские сутки (исчисляются от 12 ч. ночи) clearing day день взаимных расчетов contango day день контанго contango day первый день расчета на Лондонской фондовой бирже continuation day бирж. день контанго continuation day бирж. первый день расчетного периода на Лондонской фондовой бирже court day день суда court day день судебного присутствия a creature of a day недолговечное существо или явление a creature of a day зоол. эфемерида day день; сутки; on that day в тот день; all (the) day весь день day день day геол. дневная поверхность; пласт, ближайший к земной поверхности day дневное время; by day днем; at day на заре, на рассвете; before day до рассвета; between two days амер. ночью day знаменательный день; May Day Первое мая; Victory Day День Победы; Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США; high (или banner) day праздник day (часто pl) период, отрезок времени; эпоха; in the days of yore (или old) в старину, в былые времена; in these latter days в последнее время day победа; to carry (или to win) the day одержать победу; the day is ours мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение; to lose the day проиграть сражение day пора, время (расцвета, упадка и т. п.); вся жизнь человека; to have had (или to have seen) one's day устареть, отслужить свое, выйти из употребления day сутки the day текущий день; every other day, day about через день the day текущий день; every other day, day about через день to a day день в день; early in the day вовремя; rather late in the day поздновато; увы, слишком поздно; a day after the fair слишком поздно fair: day выставка; world fair всемирная выставка; the day after the fair слишком поздно the day after tomorrow послезавтра a day before the fair слишком рано, преждевременно day by (или after) day, from day to day день за днем; изо дня в день; со дня на день one of these days в один из ближайших дней; day in, day out изо дня в день day победа; to carry (или to win) the day одержать победу; the day is ours мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение; to lose the day проиграть сражение day of absence день отсутствия day of absence неприсутственный день day of credit день кредитования the day of doom (или of judgement) библ. день страшного суда; конец света, светопреставление day of grace день отсрочки day of grace льготный день (для уплаты по векселю) day of grace льготный срок day of illness день отсутствия на работе по болезни day of maturity день наступления срока платежа day of payment день платежа day of sale день продажи day of settlement день заключения сделки day of settlement день заключения соглашения day of the month день месяца day of transaction день заключения сделки day of validation день оценки day off выходной день day out день, проведенный вне дома day out свободный день для прислуги one of these days в один из ближайших дней; day in, day out изо дня в день discharging day суд. день разгрузки due day день платежа to a day день в день; early in the day вовремя; rather late in the day поздновато; увы, слишком поздно; a day after the fair слишком поздно early: day рано; early in the year в начале года; early in life в молодости; early in the day рано утром; перен. заблаговременно election day день выборов to save the day спасти положение; every day is not Sunday посл. = не все коту масленица; to name on (или in) the same day with = поставить на одну доску с every other day (EOD) через день the day текущий день; every other day, day about через день every second day каждый второй день far in the day к концу дня; this day (week, month, etc.) ровно через неделю (месяц и т. п.); спустя неделю; three times a day три раза в день far: day and wide всесторонне; he saw far and wide он обладал широким кругозором; far in the day к концу дня; far into the night допоздна first day (of the week) воскресенье first intermediate day бирж. первый день среднего срока (четвертый день) day by (или after) day, from day to day день за днем; изо дня в день; со дня на день good day до свидания good day добрый день day пора, время (расцвета, упадка и т. п.); вся жизнь человека; to have had (или to have seen) one's day устареть, отслужить свое, выйти из употребления he will see his better days yet он еще оправится, наступят и для него лучшие времена; one's early days юность day знаменательный день; May Day Первое мая; Victory Day День Победы; Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США; high (или banner) day праздник high day праздник, праздничный день his day is gone его время прошло, окончилась его счастливая пора; his days are numbered дни его сочтены; to close (или to end) one's days окончить дни свои; скончаться; покончить счеты с жизнью his day is gone его время прошло, окончилась его счастливая пора; his days are numbered дни его сочтены; to close (или to end) one's days окончить дни свои; скончаться; покончить счеты с жизнью number: day уст. считать, пересчитывать; his days are numbered его дни сочтены if a day ни больше ни меньше; как раз in days to come в будущем, в грядущие времена; men of the day видные люди (эпохи) day (часто pl) период, отрезок времени; эпоха; in the days of yore (или old) в старину, в былые времена; in these latter days в последнее время day (часто pl) период, отрезок времени; эпоха; in the days of yore (или old) в старину, в былые времена; in these latter days в последнее время latter: latter (сравн. ст. от late) недавний; in these latter days в наше время; the latter half of the week вторая половина недели day знаменательный день; May Day Первое мая; Victory Day День Победы; Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США; high (или banner) day праздник inauguration day день вступления в должность independence day День независимости interest day день выплаты процентов juridical day присутственный день в суде to call it a day считать дело законченным; let us call it a day на сегодня хватит day победа; to carry (или to win) the day одержать победу; the day is ours мы одержали победу, мы выиграли сражение; to lose the day проиграть сражение to make a day of it весело провести день making-up day день подведения баланса making-up day день подведения итога making-up day первый день ликвидационного периода maturity day день наступления срока платежа day знаменательный день; May Day Первое мая; Victory Day День Победы; Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США; high (или banner) day праздник May: May Day праздник Первого мая in days to come в будущем, в грядущие времена; men of the day видные люди (эпохи) name day второй день расчетного периода на Лондонской фондовой бирже to save the day спасти положение; every day is not Sunday посл. = не все коту масленица; to name on (или in) the same day with = поставить на одну доску с named day второй день расчетного периода на Лондонской фондовой бирже national day национальный праздник nonworking day нерабочий день day день; сутки; on that day в тот день; all (the) day весь день one day однажды one of these days в один из ближайших дней; day in, day out изо дня в день he will see his better days yet он еще оправится, наступят и для него лучшие времена; one's early days юность early: day ранний; the early bird шутл. ранняя пташка; at an early date в ближайшем будущем; it is early days yet еще слишком рано, время не настало; one's early days юность open day день открытых дверей the other day на днях other: day (с сущ. во мн. ч.) остальные; the other students остальные студенты; the other day на днях, недавно pay day день выплаты зарплаты pay day день урегулирования платежей pay day последний день расчетного периода pay day расчетный день payout day день выплаты polling day день выборов polling day день голосования the present day сегодня; текущий день to a day день в день; early in the day вовремя; rather late in the day поздновато; увы, слишком поздно; a day after the fair слишком поздно return day день возврата судебного приказа rollover day дата очередной фиксации плавающей ставки по кредиту to save the day спасти положение; every day is not Sunday посл. = не все коту масленица; to name on (или in) the same day with = поставить на одну доску с second intermediate day второй средний срок settlement day день расчета по сделке с ценными бумагами settlement day последний день ликвидационного периода settlement day расчетный день settling day расчетный день she is fifty if she is a day ей все пятьдесят (лет), никак не меньше solar (или astronomical, nautical) day астрономические сутки (исчисляются от 12 ч. дня) some day когда-нибудь; как-нибудь на днях some: day day, day time (or other) когданибудь; some one какой-нибудь (один); some people некоторые люди summer's day длинный день summer's day летний день far in the day к концу дня; this day (week, month, etc.) ровно через неделю (месяц и т. п.); спустя неделю; three times a day три раза в день this: day pron demonstr. (pl these) этот, эта, это this day сегодня far in the day к концу дня; this day (week, month, etc.) ровно через неделю (месяц и т. п.); спустя неделю; three times a day три раза в день ticket day второй день ликвидационного периода на фондовой бирже to a day день в день; early in the day вовремя; rather late in the day поздновато; увы, слишком поздно; a day after the fair слишком поздно trading day операционный день (на бирже) transaction day день исполнения сделки transaction day операционный день value day дата, с которой депозит начинает приносить проценты value day дата зачисления денег на банковский счет value day дата поставки срочного депозита value day дата поставки ценной бумаги day знаменательный день; May Day Первое мая; Victory Day День Победы; Inauguration Day день вступления в должность вновь избранного президента США; high (или banner) day праздник waiting day день ожидания weekly day off еженедельный выходной день weekly day off еженедельный день отдыха working day = workday workday: workday будний день; рабочий день day будний день day рабочий день working day = workday working day будний день working day рабочий день, будний день working day рабочий день

    English-Russian short dictionary > day

  • 10 day

    noun
    1) Tag, der

    all day [long] — den ganzen Tag [lang]

    take all day — (fig.) eine Ewigkeit brauchen

    all day and every day — tagaus, tagein

    to this day, from that day to this — bis zum heutigen Tag

    for two days — zwei Tage [lang]

    what's the day or what day is it today? — welcher Tag ist heute?

    in a day/two days — (within) in od. an einem Tag/in zwei Tagen

    [on] the day after/before — am Tag danach/davor

    [the] next/[on] the following/[on] the previous day — am nächsten/folgenden/vorhergehenden Tag

    the day before yesterday/after tomorrow — vorgestern/übermorgen

    from this/that day [on] — von heute an/von diesem Tag an

    one of these [fine] days — eines [schönen] Tages

    some day — eines Tages; irgendwann einmal

    day by day, from day to day — von Tag zu Tag

    day in day out — tagaus, tagein

    call it a day — (end work) Feierabend machen; (more generally) Schluss machen

    at the end of the day — (fig.) letzten Endes

    it's not my day — ich habe [heute] einen schlechten Tag

    2) in sing. or pl. (period)

    in the days when... — zu der Zeit, als...

    in those days — damals; zu jener Zeit

    have seen/known better days — bessere Tage gesehen/gekannt haben

    in one's day — zu seiner Zeit; (during lifetime) in seinem Leben

    every dog has its day — jeder hat einmal seine Chance

    it has had its day — es hat ausgedient (ugs.)

    3) (victory)

    win or carry the day — den Sieg davontragen

    * * *
    [dei] 1. noun
    1) (the period from sunrise to sunset: She worked all day; The days are warm but the nights are cold.) der Tag
    2) (a part of this period eg that part spent at work: How long is your working day?; The school day ends at 3 o'clock; I see him every day.) der Tag
    3) (the period of twenty-four hours from one midnight to the next: How many days are in the month of September?) der Tag
    4) ((often in plural) the period of, or of the greatest activity, influence, strength etc of (something or someone): in my grandfather's day; in the days of steam-power.) die Tage (pl.)
    •
    - academic.ru/18551/daybreak">daybreak
    - day-dream 2. verb
    She often day-dreams.) mit offenen Augen träumen
    - daylight
    - day school
    - daytime
    - call it a day
    - day by day
    - day in
    - day out
    - make someone's day
    - one day
    - some day
    - the other day
    * * *
    [deɪ]
    n
    1. (24 hours) Tag m
    my birthday is ten \days from now heute in zehn Tagen habe ich Geburtstag
    what a \day! was für ein Tag!
    you're forty if you're a \day ( fam) du bist mindestens vierzig [Jahre alt]
    you don't look a \day over forty Sie sehen kein bisschen älter als vierzig aus
    we're expecting the response any \day now die Antwort kann jetzt jeden Tag kommen
    today is not my \day heute ist nicht mein Tag
    today of all \days ausgerechnet heute
    for a few \days auf ein paar Tage, für einige Tage
    in a few \days[' time] in einigen [o in ein paar] Tagen
    from one \day to the next (suddenly) von heute auf morgen; (in advance) im Voraus
    from one \day to the other von einem Tag auf den anderen
    one \day eines Tages
    to be one of those \days einer dieser unglückseligen Tage sein
    the other \day neulich, vor einigen Tagen
    some \day irgendwann [einmal]
    \day in, \day out tagaus, tagein
    from this \day forth von heute an
    from that \day on[wards] von dem Tag an
    the \day after tomorrow übermorgen
    the \day before yesterday vorgestern
    \day after \day Tag für Tag, tagtäglich
    \day by \day Tag für Tag
    by the \day von Tag zu Tag
    from \day to \day von Tag zu Tag
    to the \day auf den Tag genau
    to this \day bis heute
    these \days (recently) in letzter Zeit; (nowadays) heutzutage, heute; (at the moment) zurzeit
    one of these \days eines Tages; (soon) demnächst [einmal]; (some time or other) irgendwann [einmal]
    2. ECON (work period) Tag m
    he works three \days on, two \days off er arbeitet drei Tage und hat dann zwei Tage frei
    I have a full \day tomorrow morgen ist mein Tag randvoll mit Terminen, morgen habe ich einen anstrengenden Tag
    working \day Arbeitstag m
    all \day den ganzen Tag
    to work an eight-hour \day acht Stunden am Tag arbeiten
    to take a \day off einen Tag freinehmen
    3. (not night) Tag m
    all \day [long] den ganzen Tag [über [o lang]]
    \day and night Tag und Nacht
    a sunny/wet \day ein sonniger/regnerischer Tag
    by \day tagsüber, während des Tages
    4. (former time) Zeit f
    those were the \days das waren noch Zeiten
    to have seen better \days schon bessere Tage [o Zeiten] gesehen haben
    in the old \days früher
    in the good old \days in der guten alten Zeit
    to have had one's \day seine [beste] Zeit gehabt haben
    in the \days before/of/when... zur Zeit vor/des/, als...
    in those \days damals
    in/since sb's \day zu/seit jds Zeit
    things have quite changed since my \day seit meiner Zeit hat sich einiges verändert
    in my younger/student \days... als ich noch jung/Student war,...
    5. no pl (present)
    in this \day and age heutzutage
    of the \day Tages-
    the news of the \day die Tagesnachrichten [o Nachrichten von heute
    6. (life)
    ▪ sb's \days pl jds Leben nt
    her \days are numbered ihre Tage sind gezählt
    to end one's \days in poverty sein Leben [o geh seine Tage] in Armut beschließen
    in all my [born] \days in meinem ganzen Leben
    until my/her dying \day bis an mein/ihr Lebensende
    7. (special date) Tag m
    \day of Atonement [jüdisches] Versöhnungsfest
    the \day of Judg[e]ment der Jüngste Tag
    8.
    ▶ any \day jederzeit
    I can beat you any \day! ( fam) dich kann ich jederzeit schlagen!
    ▶ back in the \day AM (sl) in der Vergangenheit
    ▶ the big \day der große Tag
    ▶ to call it a \day Schluss machen [für heute]
    ▶ to carry [or win] the \day den Sieg davontragen geh
    ▶ at the end of the \day (in the final analysis) letzten Endes; (finally, eventually) schließlich, zum Schluss
    ▶ to make sb's \day jds Tag retten
    ▶ to name the \day den Hochzeitstermin festsetzen, den Tag der Hochzeit festlegen
    ▶ to be like night and \day wie Tag und Nacht sein
    ▶ sb's \days [as sth] are numbered jds Tage [als etw] sind gezählt
    ▶ from \day one von Anfang an, vom ersten Tag an
    ▶ to pass the time of \day plaudern, SÜDD, ÖSTERR, SCHWEIZ a. plauschen
    ▶ that will be the \day! ( fam) das möchte ich zu gern[e] einmal erleben! fam
    ▶ to be all in a \day's work zum Alltag gehören
    * * *
    [deɪ]
    n
    1) Tag m

    it will arrive any day now — es muss jeden Tag kommen

    what day is it today? — welcher Tag ist heute?, was haben wir heute?

    the day after/before, the following/previous day — am Tag danach/zuvor, am (darauf)folgenden/vorhergehenden Tag

    one day we went swimming, and the next... — einen Tag gingen wir schwimmen, und den nächsten...

    one of these days — irgendwann (einmal), eines Tages

    day in, day out — tagein, tagaus

    day after day — Tag für Tag, tagtäglich

    day by day — jeden Tag, täglich

    to work day and night —

    have a nice day! — viel Spaß!; ( esp US, said by storekeeper etc ) schönen Tag noch!

    did you have a good day at the office? —

    to have a good/bad day — einen guten/schlechten Tag haben

    what a day! (terrible) — so ein fürchterlicher Tag!; (lovely) so ein herrlicher Tag!

    on a wet/dry day — an einem regnerischen/trockenen Tag

    to work an eight-hour day — einen Achtstundentag haben, acht Stunden am Tag arbeiten

    See:
    → make
    2)

    (period of time: often pl) these days — heute, heutzutage

    in days to come — künftig, in künftigen Zeiten or Tagen (geh)

    in Queen Victoria's day, in the days of Queen Victoria — zu Königin Viktorias Zeiten

    it's early days yet —

    he/this material has seen better days — er/dieser Stoff hat (auch) schon bessere Zeiten or Tage gesehen

    3)

    (with poss adj = lifetime, best time) famous in her day — in ihrer Zeit berühmt

    4) no pl

    (= contest, battle) to win or carry the day — den Sieg bringen

    to lose/save the day — den Kampf verlieren/retten

    * * *
    day [deı] s
    1. Tag m (Ggs Nacht):
    it is broad day es ist heller Tag;
    before day vor Tagesanbruch;
    (as) clear as day
    a) taghell,
    b) auch (as) plain as day fig sonnenklar;
    good day! bes obs guten Tag!
    2. Tag m (Zeitraum):
    three days from London drei Tage(reisen) von London entfernt;
    one-day eintägig;
    work a four-day week vier Tage in der Woche arbeiten;
    five-day week Fünftagewoche f;
    open 7 days per week täglich geöffnet;
    I haven’t got all day umg ich hab nicht den ganzen Tag Zeit;
    (as) happy as the day is long wunschlos glücklich;
    (as) merry as the day is long quietschvergnügt umg; → honest A 1, respite A 1, rest1 A 2
    3. (bestimmter) Tag:
    till the day of his death bis zu seinem Todestag;
    since the day dot umg seit einer Ewigkeit;
    first day at ( oder of) school erster Schultag; → departure 1 b, New Year’s Day, etc
    4. Empfangs-, Besuchstag m
    5. a) (festgesetzter) Tag, Termin m:
    day of delivery Liefertermin, -tag;
    keep one’s day obs pünktlich sein
    b) SPORT Spieltag m
    6. meist pl (Lebens)Zeit f, Zeiten pl, Tage pl:
    in my young days in meinen Jugendtagen;
    in those days in jenen Tagen, damals;
    in the days of old vorzeiten, in alten Zeiten, einst;
    end one’s days seine Tage beschließen, sterben;
    all the days of one’s life sein ganzes Leben lang;
    a) das Tanzen habe ich aufgegeben,
    b) mit dem Tanzen geht es bei mir nicht mehr
    7. meist pl (beste) Zeit (des Lebens), Glanzzeit f:
    in our day zu unserer Zeit;
    every dog has his day (Sprichwort) jedem lacht einmal das Glück;
    have had one’s day sich überlebt haben, am Ende sein;
    he has had his day seine beste Zeit ist vorüber;
    the machine has had its day die Maschine hat ausgedient;
    those were the days! das waren noch Zeiten!
    8. ARCH Öffnung f, Lichte f (eines Fensters etc)
    9. Bergbau: Tag mBesondere Redewendungen: day after day Tag für Tag;
    a) tags darauf, am nächsten oder folgenden Tag,
    b) der nächste Tag;
    (day and) day about einen um den andern Tag, jeden zweiten Tag;
    day and night Tag und Nacht arbeiten etc;
    any day jeden Tag;
    any day (of the week) umg jederzeit;
    a) tags zuvor,
    b) der vorhergehende Tag;
    it was days before he came es vergingen oder es dauerte Tage, ehe er kam;
    by day, during the day bei Tag(e);
    a) tageweise,
    b) im Tagelohn arbeiten;
    day by day (tag)täglich, Tag für Tag, jeden Tag wieder;
    call it a day umg (für heute) Schluss machen;
    let’s call it a day! Feierabend!, Schluss für heute!;
    a) den Sieg davontragen,
    b) fig die Oberhand gewinnen;
    lose the day den Kampf verlieren;
    fall on evil days ins Unglück geraten;
    a) von Tag zu Tag, zusehends,
    b) von einem Tag zum anderen;
    day in, day out tagaus, tagein; immerfort;
    ask sb the time of day jemanden nach der Uhrzeit fragen;
    give sb the time of day jemandem guten Tag sagen;
    know the time of day wissen, was die Glocke geschlagen hat; Bescheid wissen;
    live for the day sorglos in den Tag hinein leben;
    that made my day umg damit war der Tag für mich gerettet;
    save the day die Lage retten;
    (in) these days, in this day and age heutzutage;
    one of these (fine) days demnächst, nächstens (einmal), eines schönen Tages;
    a) heute in einer Woche,
    b) heute vor einer Woche;
    to this day bis auf den heutigen Tag;
    to a day auf den Tag genau
    d. abk
    1. date
    3. day
    5. denarius, denarii pl, = penny, pence pl
    6. PHYS density
    7. died
    8. US dime
    * * *
    noun
    1) Tag, der

    all day [long] — den ganzen Tag [lang]

    take all day — (fig.) eine Ewigkeit brauchen

    all day and every day — tagaus, tagein

    to this day, from that day to this — bis zum heutigen Tag

    for two days — zwei Tage [lang]

    what's the day or what day is it today? — welcher Tag ist heute?

    in a day/two days — (within) in od. an einem Tag/in zwei Tagen

    [on] the day after/before — am Tag danach/davor

    [the] next/[on] the following/[on] the previous day — am nächsten/folgenden/vorhergehenden Tag

    the day before yesterday/after tomorrow — vorgestern/übermorgen

    from this/that day [on] — von heute an/von diesem Tag an

    one of these [fine] days — eines [schönen] Tages

    some day — eines Tages; irgendwann einmal

    day by day, from day to day — von Tag zu Tag

    day in day out — tagaus, tagein

    call it a day — (end work) Feierabend machen; (more generally) Schluss machen

    at the end of the day — (fig.) letzten Endes

    it's not my day — ich habe [heute] einen schlechten Tag

    2) in sing. or pl. (period)

    in the days when... — zu der Zeit, als...

    in those days — damals; zu jener Zeit

    have seen/known better days — bessere Tage gesehen/gekannt haben

    in one's day — zu seiner Zeit; (during lifetime) in seinem Leben

    win or carry the day — den Sieg davontragen

    * * *
    n.
    Tag -e m.

    English-german dictionary > day

  • 11 победа

    жен. victory;
    triumph блистательная победа ≈ glorious victory легкая победа ≈ (в состязании) walkaway, walkover одерживать победу ≈ to gain/win (a) victory, to score a victory, to win the day, to carry the day дорогая победа ≈ dearly-bought victory историческая победа ≈ epoch-making victory ковать победу ≈ to forge victory пиррова победа ≈ Pyrrhic victory торжествовать победу ≈ (над) to celebrate victory (over)
    ж. victory;
    (торжество тж.) triumph;
    спорт. ~ ввиду неявки или отказа соперника (в боксе, борьбе) walk-over;
    ~ ввиду дисквалификации соперника victory as a result of disqualification of the opponent;
    ~ ввиду явного преимущества victory on superiority;
    ~ в индивидуальном зачёте victory in individual events;
    ~ в командном зачёте victory in team events;
    ~ на своём (чужом) поле( в футболе, волейболе и т.д.) home (away) victory;
    ~ по очкам victory on points;
    ~ нокаутом (в боксе) victory by knock-out;
    ~ с сухим счётом whitewash victory;
    чистая ~ clear victory.

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > победа

  • 12 bear

    I beə past tense - bore; verb
    1) ((usually with cannot, could not etc) to put up with or endure: I couldn't bear it if he left.) aguantar, soportar
    2) (to be able to support: Will the table bear my weight?) aguantar
    3) ((past participle in passive born bo:n) to produce (children): She has borne (him) several children; She was born on July 7.) dar a luz, parir
    4) (to carry: He was borne shoulder-high after his victory.) cargar, llevar
    5) (to have: The cheque bore his signature.) llevar
    6) (to turn or fork: The road bears left here.) desviarse
    •
    - bearer
    - bearing
    - bearings
    - bear down on
    - bear fruit
    - bear out
    - bear up
    - bear with
    - find/get one's bearings
    - lose one's bearings
    II beə noun
    (a large heavy animal with thick fur and hooked claws.) oso
    bear1 n oso
    bear2 vb aguantar / soportar / resistir
    to bear in mind tener en cuenta / tener presente
    tr[beəSMALLr/SMALL]
    1 SMALLZOOLOGY/SMALL oso
    2 SMALLFINANCE/SMALL bajista nombre masulino o femenino, especulador,-ra a la baja
    1 SMALLFINANCE/SMALL vender al iniciarse una bajada de precios para volver a comprar luego a un precio más bajo
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to be like a bear with a sore head estar de un humor de perros
    bear hug apretujón nombre masculino, abrazo muy fuerte
    bear account posición nombre femenino de vendedor
    bear cub SMALLZOOLOGY/SMALL osezno
    grizzly bear oso pardo
    the Great Bear la Osa Mayor
    the Little Bear la Osa Menor
    ————————
    tr[beəSMALLr/SMALL]
    transitive verb (pt bore tr[bɔːSMALLr/SMALL], pp borne tr[bɔːn])
    1 (carry) llevar
    2 (name, date) llevar
    3 (show signs of) mostrar, revelar
    4 (weight) soportar, aguantar; (responsibility, cost) asumir
    5 (tolerate) soportar, aguantar
    ■ how do you bear the job? ¿cómo aguantas el trabajo?
    6 (fruit) producir
    7 SMALLFINANCE/SMALL (interest) devengar
    8 (give birth) tener, dar a luz
    1 (turn) torcer a
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to bear in mind tener presente
    to bear a grudge guardar rencor
    to bear witness to something ser testigo de algo
    to bear no relation to no tener nada que ver con
    to bring pressure to bear ejercer presión (on, a), presionar (on, a)
    it doesn't bear thinking about me da escalofríos nada más pensar en ello
    bear ['bær] v, bore ['bor] ; borne ['bɔrn] ; bearing vt
    1) carry: llevar, portar
    2) : dar a luz a (un niño)
    3) produce: dar (frutas, cosechas)
    4) endure, support: soportar, resistir, aguantar
    bear vi
    1) turn: doblar, dar la vuelta
    bear right: doble a la derecha
    2)
    to bear up : resistir
    bear n, pl bears or bear : oso m, osa f
    adj.
    • bajista adj.
    n.
    • bajista s.m.,f.
    • oso s.m.
    v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: bore, borne) = aguantar v.
    • apoyar v.
    • cargar v.
    • gobernar v.
    • llevar v.
    • parir v.
    • partir v.
    • permitir v.
    • producir v.
    (§pres: produzco, produces...) pret: produj-•)
    • resistir v.
    • sentir v.
    • sobrellevar v.
    • soportar v.
    • sufrir v.

    I
    1. ber, beə(r)
    (past bore; past p borne) transitive verb
    1)
    a) ( support) \<\<weight\>\> aguantar, resistir; \<\<cost\>\> correr con; \<\<responsibility\>\> cargar* con
    b) ( endure) \<\<pain/uncertainty\>\> soportar, aguantar
    c) (put up with, stand) (colloq) (with can) \<\<person\>\> aguantar (fam), soportar; \<\<noise\>\> aguantar, soportar

    I can't bear her — no la soporto, no la aguanto or no la puedo ver (fam)

    to bear to + inf: I can't bear to watch! — no puedo mirar

    2)
    a) ( carry) (liter) \<\<banner/coffin\>\> llevar, portar (liter)
    b) ( harbor)
    3) (have, show) \<\<title/signature\>\> llevar; \<\<scars\>\> tener*; \<\<resemblance\>\> tener*, guardar
    4)
    a) ( produce) \<\<fruit/crop\>\> dar*; \<\<interest\>\> devengar*
    b) ( give birth to) \<\<child\>\> dar* a luz

    she bore him six children — (liter) le dio seis hijos (liter); see also born I


    2.
    vi
    a) ( turn) torcer*

    bear left/right — tuerza or doble a la izquierda/derecha

    b) ( weigh down) (frml)

    to bear on somebody: the responsibility bore heavily on her — la responsabilidad pesaba sobre sus hombros; bring 2) a)


    3.
    v refl (frml)
    a) (hold, carry)
    b) ( behave)

    to bear oneself — comportarse, conducirse* (frml)

    Phrasal Verbs:

    II
    noun oso, osa m,f

    he's a regular bear in the morning — (AmE) por las mañanas está de un humor de perros

    to be like a bear with a sore head — (colloq) estar* de un humor de perros (fam)

    to be loaded for bear — (AmE colloq) estar* listo para el ataque; (before n)


    I [bɛǝ(r)]
    1. N
    1) (=animal) oso(-a) m / f ; (fig) (=man) grandullón * m

    the Great/Little Bear — la Osa Mayor/Menor

    - be like a bear with a sore head
    - be loaded for bear
    brown 5., grizzly, polar
    2) (also: teddy bear) osito m de peluche
    3) (Econ) (=pessimistic trader) bajista mf
    2.
    CPD

    bear baiting N — espectáculo en el que se azuzan a unos perros contra un oso

    bear cub N — osezno m

    bear garden N — (fig) manicomio m, casa f de locos

    bear market N — (Econ) mercado m bajista

    bear pit N — (fig) manicomio m, casa f de locos


    II [bɛǝ(r)] (pt bore) (pp borne)
    1. VT
    1) (=support) [+ weight] aguantar, sostener; - bearing
    2) (=take on) [+ cost] correr con, pagar; [+ responsibility] cargar con; (fig) [+ burden] soportar

    they bear most of the responsibility for elderly relatives — cargan con la mayor parte de la responsabilidad de atender a familiares ancianos

    3) (=endure) [+ pain, suspense] soportar, aguantar

    I can't bear the suspense — no puedo soportar or aguantar el suspense

    I can't bear him — no lo puedo ver, no lo soporto or aguanto

    brunt
    4) (=bring) [+ news, gift] traer
    5) (=carry) llevar, portar liter

    protesters bearing placards — manifestantes mfpl llevando or portando pancartas

    to bear arms — frm portar armas frm

    he bore himself like a soldier — (posture) tenía un porte soldadesco; (behaviour) se comportó como un verdadero soldado

    6) (=have, display) [+ signature, date, message, title] llevar; [+ mark, scar] conservar

    she bears him no ill-will — (grudge) no le guarda rencor; (hostility) no siente ninguna animadversión hacia él

    witness 1., 2), mind 1., 3)
    7) (=stand up to) [+ examination] resistir
    8) liter (=produce) [+ fruit] dar; frm [+ child] dar a luz a; (Econ) [+ interest] devengar
    2. VI
    1) (=move)

    to bear (to the) right/left — torcer or girar a la derecha/izquierda

    2)

    to bear on sth — (=relate to) guardar relación con algo, tener que ver con algo; (=influence) influir en algo

    bring
    3) (=afflict)
    * * *

    I
    1. [ber, beə(r)]
    (past bore; past p borne) transitive verb
    1)
    a) ( support) \<\<weight\>\> aguantar, resistir; \<\<cost\>\> correr con; \<\<responsibility\>\> cargar* con
    b) ( endure) \<\<pain/uncertainty\>\> soportar, aguantar
    c) (put up with, stand) (colloq) (with can) \<\<person\>\> aguantar (fam), soportar; \<\<noise\>\> aguantar, soportar

    I can't bear her — no la soporto, no la aguanto or no la puedo ver (fam)

    to bear to + inf: I can't bear to watch! — no puedo mirar

    2)
    a) ( carry) (liter) \<\<banner/coffin\>\> llevar, portar (liter)
    b) ( harbor)
    3) (have, show) \<\<title/signature\>\> llevar; \<\<scars\>\> tener*; \<\<resemblance\>\> tener*, guardar
    4)
    a) ( produce) \<\<fruit/crop\>\> dar*; \<\<interest\>\> devengar*
    b) ( give birth to) \<\<child\>\> dar* a luz

    she bore him six children — (liter) le dio seis hijos (liter); see also born I


    2.
    vi
    a) ( turn) torcer*

    bear left/right — tuerza or doble a la izquierda/derecha

    b) ( weigh down) (frml)

    to bear on somebody: the responsibility bore heavily on her — la responsabilidad pesaba sobre sus hombros; bring 2) a)


    3.
    v refl (frml)
    a) (hold, carry)
    b) ( behave)

    to bear oneself — comportarse, conducirse* (frml)

    Phrasal Verbs:

    II
    noun oso, osa m,f

    he's a regular bear in the morning — (AmE) por las mañanas está de un humor de perros

    to be like a bear with a sore head — (colloq) estar* de un humor de perros (fam)

    to be loaded for bear — (AmE colloq) estar* listo para el ataque; (before n)

    English-spanish dictionary > bear

  • 13 bear

    I noun
    1) Bär, der
    2) (Astron.)

    Great/Little Bear — Großer/Kleiner Bär

    II 1. transitive verb,
    1) (show) tragen [Wappen, Inschrift, Unterschrift]; aufweisen, zeigen [Merkmal, Spuren, Ähnlichkeit, Verwandtschaft]

    bear a resemblance or likeness to somebody — Ähnlichkeit mit jemandem haben

    2) (be known by) tragen, führen [Namen, Titel]
    3)

    bear some/little relation to something — einen gewissen/wenig Bezug zu etwas haben

    4) (poet./formal): (carry) tragen [Waffe, Last]; mit sich führen [Geschenk, Botschaft]

    I was borne along by the fierce current — die starke Strömung trug mich mit [sich]

    5) (endure, tolerate) ertragen [Schmerz, Kummer]; with neg. aushalten [Schmerz]; ausstehen [Geruch, Lärm, Speise]
    6) (sustain) tragen, übernehmen [Verantwortlichkeit, Kosten]; auf sich (Akk.) nehmen [Schuld]; tragen, aushalten [Gewicht]
    7) (be fit for) vertragen

    it does not bear repeating or repetition — das lässt sich unmöglich wiederholen

    bear comparison with something — den od. einen Vergleich mit etwas aushalten

    8) (give birth to) gebären [Kind, Junges]; see also academic.ru/8296/born">born
    9) (yield) tragen [Blumen, Früchte usw.]

    bear fruit — (fig.) Früchte tragen (geh.)

    2. intransitive verb,
    bore, borne
    1)

    bear left — [Person:] sich links halten

    2)

    bring to bear — aufbieten [Kraft, Energie]; ausüben [Druck]

    Phrasal Verbs:
    - bear away
    - bear down
    - bear off
    - bear on
    - bear out
    - bear up
    - bear upon
    - bear with
    * * *
    I [beə] past tense - bore; verb
    1) ((usually with cannot, could not etc) to put up with or endure: I couldn't bear it if he left.) ertragen
    2) (to be able to support: Will the table bear my weight?)
    3) ((past participle in passive born [bo:n]) to produce (children): She has borne (him) several children; She was born on July 7.) gebären,geboren
    4) (to carry: He was borne shoulder-high after his victory.) tragen
    5) (to have: The cheque bore his signature.) tragen
    6) (to turn or fork: The road bears left here.) führen
    •
    - bearable
    - bearer
    - bearing
    - bearings
    - bear down on
    - bear fruit
    - bear out
    - bear up
    - bear with
    - find/get one's bearings
    - lose one's bearings     II [beə] noun
    (a large heavy animal with thick fur and hooked claws.) der Bär
    * * *
    bear1
    [beəʳ, AM ber]
    I. n
    1. (animal) Bär m
    black/brown \bear Schwarz-/Braunbär m
    she-\bear Bärin f
    to be like a \bear with a sore head [or AM like a real \bear] ( fig fam) ein richtiger Brummbär sein fam
    2. STOCKEX (sb calculatedly selling stocks) Baissier m, Baissespekulant(in) m(f), Bär(in) m(f), Bear m
    covered \bear gedeckter Baissier
    uncovered \bear Baissier m, der seine Position noch nicht glattstellen konnte
    3.
    ▶ it's a \bear to do sth es ist kompliziert, etw zu tun
    II. vi STOCKEX auf Baisse [o à la Baisse] spekulieren
    bear2
    <bore, borne or AM also born>
    [beəʳ, AM ber]
    I. vt
    ▪ to \bear sth etw tragen; ( liter):
    he was borne backwards by a large wave er wurde von einer großen Welle zurückgerissen
    to \bear arms ( form) Waffen tragen
    to \bear gifts ( form) Geschenke mitbringen
    to \bear tidings ( old liter) Neuigkeiten überbringen
    2. (display)
    to \bear a date/an imprint/an inscription ein Datum/einen Aufdruck/eine Aufschrift tragen
    to \bear sb's name jds Namen tragen [o geh führen
    4. (behave)
    ▪ to \bear oneself:
    5. (support)
    to \bear the load/the weight die Last/das Gewicht tragen; ( fig)
    to \bear the cost die Kosten tragen
    6. (endure, shoulder)
    ▪ to \bear sth etw ertragen [o erdulden]
    what might have happened doesn't \bear thinking about man darf gar nicht daran denken, was hätte passieren können
    he said something so awful that it doesn't \bear repeating er sagte so etwas Schreckliches, dass ich es gar nicht wiederholen möchte
    to \bear the blame die Schuld auf sich akk nehmen
    to \bear the [burden of] responsibility die [Last der] Verantwortung tragen
    to \bear one's cross sein Kreuz tragen fig
    to \bear the discomfort/hardship die Unbequemlichkeit/Mühe auf sich akk nehmen
    to \bear the pain/tribulation den Schmerz/Kummer ertragen
    ▪ to not be able to \bear sb/sth jdn/etw nicht ertragen [o ausstehen] können
    ▪ to not be able to \bear the boredom/suspense Langeweile/Spannung nicht aushalten
    ▪ to not be able to \bear jokes/criticism Spaß/Kritik nicht vertragen
    ▪ to not \bear to do sth es nicht ertragen können, etw zu tun
    8. (harbour resentments)
    to \bear sb a grudge einen Groll gegen jdn hegen geh
    to \bear sb ill-feeling auf jdn nicht gut zu sprechen sein
    to not \bear any ill-feeling against sb nichts gegen jdn haben
    to \bear sb ill-will jdm gegenüber nachtragend sein
    to \bear no ill-will keine Feindschaft empfinden
    9. (possess)
    to \bear an [uncanny] likeness [or similarity] to sb [unheimliche] Ähnlichkeit mit jdm haben
    to \bear a [strong] resemblance to sb [große] Ähnlichkeit mit jdm haben, jdm sehr ähnlich sehen
    to \bear the [or a] scar eine Narbe davontragen fig, gezeichnet sein geh
    10. (keep)
    I'll \bear that in mind ich werde das mit berücksichtigen
    to \bear a baby ein Kind gebären [o zur Welt bringen]
    to \bear sb a child jdm ein Kind gebären
    his wife bore him a son seine Frau schenkte ihm einen Sohn
    I was born in April ich bin im April geboren
    to \bear cubs/foals/young ZOOL Welpen/Fohlen/Junge bekommen
    12. AGR, BOT
    to \bear fruit ( also fig) Früchte tragen a. fig; FIN, ECON
    to \bear interest at 8% 8 % Zinsen bringen, mit 8 % verzinst sein
    13.
    to \bear testimony [or witness] Zeugnis ablegen
    to \bear witness to sth von etw dat Zeugnis ablegen, etw bezeugen
    to \bear false witness ( old) falsches Zeugnis ablegen veraltend
    II. vi
    1. (tend)
    to \bear left/right sich akk links/rechts halten
    2. (be patient)
    ▪ to \bear with sb mit jdm Geduld [o Nachsicht] haben
    3. (press) drücken
    to \bear on a lever einen Hebel betätigen
    ▪ to \bear down on [or upon] sb/sth auf jdn/etw zusteuern
    5. (be relevant)
    ▪ to \bear on sth etw betreffen; (have affect on) etw beeinflussen
    6. (put pressure on)
    to bring pressure to \bear on sb/sth Druck m auf jdn/etw ausüben
    * * *
    I [bɛə(r)] pret bore, ptp borne
    1. vt
    1) (= carry) burden, arms tragen; gift, message bei sich tragen, mit sich führen

    to bear away/back — mitnehmen/mit (sich) zurücknehmen; (through the air)

    the music was borne/borne away on the wind (liter) — die Musik wurde vom Wind weiter-/weggetragen

    2) (= show) inscription, signature tragen; mark, traces also, likeness, relation aufweisen, zeigen → witness
    See:
    3) (= be known by) name, title tragen, führen
    4) (= have in heart or mind) love empfinden, in sich (dat) tragen; hatred, grudge also hegen (geh)

    the love/hatred he bore her — die Liebe, die er für sie empfand/der Hass, den er gegen sie hegte (geh) or empfand

    See:
    → mind
    5) (lit, fig: support, sustain) weight, expense, responsibility tragen

    to bear examination/comparison — einer Prüfung/einem Vergleich standhalten

    it doesn't bear thinking about — man darf gar nicht daran denken

    6) (= endure, tolerate) ertragen; (with neg also) ausstehen, leiden; pain aushalten; criticism, joking vertragen; smell, noise etc aushalten, vertragen

    she can't bear being laughed at —

    7) (= produce, yield fruit etc) tragen → interest
    See:
    8) (= give birth to) gebären → born
    See:
    → born
    2. vi
    1)

    (= move) to bear right/left/north — sich rechts/links/nach Norden halten

    2) (fruit tree etc) tragen
    3)

    to bring one's energies/powers of persuasion to bear — seine Energie/Überzeugungskraft aufwenden (on für)

    to bring pressure to bear on sb/sth — Druck auf jdn/etw ausüben

    3. vr
    sich halten

    he bore himself with dignity — er hat Würde gezeigt

    II
    1. n
    1) Bär m; (fig = person) Brummbär m (inf)
    2) (ASTRON)

    the Great/Little Bear — der Große/Kleine Bär or Wagen

    3) (ST EX) Baissespekulant m, Baissier m
    2. vi (ST EX)
    auf Baisse spekulieren
    * * *
    bear1 [beə(r)] prät bore [bɔː(r); US auch ˈbəʊər], obs bare [beə(r)], pperf borne [bɔː(r)n; US auch ˈbəʊərn], bei 4born [bɔː(r)n; US auch ˈbəʊərn]
    A v/t
    1. Lasten etc tragen
    2. fig Kosten, einen Verlust, die Verantwortung, die Folgen etc tragen
    3. Blumen, Früchte, auch Zinsen etc tragen: → fruit A 2, interest A 11 (und andere Verbindungen mit Substantiven)
    4. (pperf borne oder born;
    Letzteres nur in der passiven Bedeutung: geboren [werden], sofern nicht by … von … folgt) zur Welt bringen, gebären:
    a) ein Kind gebären,
    b) ein Kind (unter dem Herzen) tragen;
    the children borne to him by this woman die ihm von dieser Frau geborenen Kinder;
    be born geboren werden;
    he was born in 1941 auch er ist Jahrgang 1941;
    he was born into a rich family er kam als Kind reicher Eltern zur Welt oder auf die Welt;
    I wasn’t born yesterday ich bin doch nicht von gestern;
    there’s one born every minute umg die Dummen werden nicht alle oder weniger; → park A 1, silver spoon
    5. einen Namen, einen Titel, auch Waffen etc tragen, führen:
    bear arms against Krieg führen gegen; → arm2 Bes Redew
    6. ein Amt etc innehaben, ausüben
    7. ein Datum, einen Stempel, ein Zeichen etc tragen, aufweisen:
    bear a proportion to in einem Verhältnis stehen zu; → resemblance
    8. eine Bedeutung etc haben, in sich schließen
    9. ein Gefühl hegen:
    bear sb love jemandem Liebe entgegenbringen; → grudge C, malice 2, will2 A 6
    10. eine Rolle spielen (in bei)
    11. Schmerzen etc ertragen, (er)dulden, (er)leiden
    12. aushalten, einer Prüfung etc standhalten:
    that doesn’t bear thinking about man darf gar nicht daran denken; → comparison 1, repeat A 1, repetition 1
    13. (meist neg) ausstehen, leiden, einen Gedanken ertragen
    14. eine Nachricht etc überbringen
    15. Gehorsam etc leisten, Lob zollen (to dat):
    bear sb a hand jemandem helfen oder zur Hand gehen; → company A 1
    16. Zeugnis ablegen:
    bear witness ( oder evidence) zeugen (to für)
    17. bear o.s. sich betragen, sich benehmen
    B v/i
    1. tragen, (sicher) halten (Balken, Eis etc)
    2. (on, upon) schwer lasten oder liegen (auf dat), drücken, einen Druck ausüben (auf akk)
    3. (against) drücken, sich lehnen (gegen), anliegen (an dat)
    4. (on, upon)
    a) einwirken, Einfluss haben (auf akk)
    b) sich beziehen, Bezug haben (auf akk), im Zusammenhang stehen (mit), betreffen (akk):
    how does this bear on …? in welchem Zusammenhang steht das mit …?;
    bring to bear (up)on
    a) einwirken lassen auf (akk),
    b) richten oder anwenden auf (akk);
    bear hard on sehr zusetzen (dat), hart treffen, arg mitnehmen (akk); → pressure A 5
    5. eine Richtung einschlagen, sich halten:
    bear (to the) left sich links halten;
    bear to a star FLUG, SCHIFF ein Gestirn anpeilen;
    the beacon bears 240 degrees die Bake liegt bei oder auf 240°
    6. SCHIFF
    a) abfahren, absegeln ( beide:
    to nach)
    b) abfallen
    7. sich erstrecken
    8. bear with Nachsicht haben oder üben mit, (geduldig) ertragen (akk):
    would ( oder could) you bear with me for a second? einen kleinen Augenblick, bitte, TEL auch bleiben Sie bitte einen kleinen Moment am Apparat
    9. BOT (Früchte) tragen
    10. ZOOL tragen, trächtig sein (Tier)
    11. MIL tragen (Geschütz):
    bear on beschießen (akk)
    bear2 [beə(r)]
    A s
    1. ZOOL Bär m:
    he’s like (od umg [as] cross as) a bear with a sore head today er ist heute unausstehlich oder in einer Stinklaune; → hungry A 1
    2. fig
    a) Bär m, Tollpatsch m
    b) Brummbär m, Ekel n pej
    c) US umg Kanone f (at, for in dat)
    3. WIRTSCH Bear m, Baissier m, Baissespekulant(in):
    4. ASTRON
    a) the Greater ( oder Great) Bear der Große Bär
    b) the Lesser ( oder Little) Bear der Kleine Bär
    5. METALL Eisenklumpen m, Bodensau f
    B v/i WIRTSCH auf Baisse spekulieren, fixen
    C v/t bear the market WIRTSCH die Kurse drücken oder zu drücken versuchen
    D adj WIRTSCH
    a) flau (Markt), fallend (Preise)
    b) Baisse…:
    bear campaign Angriff m der Baissepartei;
    bear market Baisse f;
    bear operation Baissespekulation f;
    bear sale Leerverkauf m
    * * *
    I noun
    1) Bär, der
    2) (Astron.)

    Great/Little Bear — Großer/Kleiner Bär

    II 1. transitive verb,
    1) (show) tragen [Wappen, Inschrift, Unterschrift]; aufweisen, zeigen [Merkmal, Spuren, Ähnlichkeit, Verwandtschaft]

    bear a resemblance or likeness to somebody — Ähnlichkeit mit jemandem haben

    2) (be known by) tragen, führen [Namen, Titel]
    3)

    bear some/little relation to something — einen gewissen/wenig Bezug zu etwas haben

    4) (poet./formal): (carry) tragen [Waffe, Last]; mit sich führen [Geschenk, Botschaft]

    I was borne along by the fierce current — die starke Strömung trug mich mit [sich]

    5) (endure, tolerate) ertragen [Schmerz, Kummer]; with neg. aushalten [Schmerz]; ausstehen [Geruch, Lärm, Speise]
    6) (sustain) tragen, übernehmen [Verantwortlichkeit, Kosten]; auf sich (Akk.) nehmen [Schuld]; tragen, aushalten [Gewicht]
    7) (be fit for) vertragen

    it does not bear repeating or repetition — das lässt sich unmöglich wiederholen

    bear comparison with something — den od. einen Vergleich mit etwas aushalten

    8) (give birth to) gebären [Kind, Junges]; see also born
    9) (yield) tragen [Blumen, Früchte usw.]

    bear fruit — (fig.) Früchte tragen (geh.)

    2. intransitive verb,
    bore, borne
    1)

    bear left — [Person:] sich links halten

    2)

    bring to bear — aufbieten [Kraft, Energie]; ausüben [Druck]

    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (stock exchange) n.
    Börsenspekulant -en m. n.
    Baissier -s m.
    Bär -en m. (on) v.
    betreffen v.
    sich beziehen (auf) v. (to give birth to) v.
    zur Welt bringen ausdr. v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: bore, borne)
    = aushalten v.
    ausstehen v.
    ausüben v.
    ertragen v.
    gebären v.
    (§ p.,pp.: gebar, geboren)
    halten v.
    (§ p.,pp.: hielt, gehalten)
    lasten v.
    tragen v.
    (§ p.,pp.: trug, getragen)

    English-german dictionary > bear

  • 14 bear

    I [beə] past tense - bore; verb
    1) ((usually with cannot, could not etc) to put up with or endure: I couldn't bear it if he left.) bære; tåle; udholde
    2) (to be able to support: Will the table bear my weight?) bære
    3) ((past participle in passive born [bo:n]) to produce (children): She has borne (him) several children; She was born on July 7.) føde
    4) (to carry: He was borne shoulder-high after his victory.) bære
    5) (to have: The cheque bore his signature.) bære
    6) (to turn or fork: The road bears left here.) svinge
    •
    - bearer
    - bearing
    - bearings
    - bear down on
    - bear fruit
    - bear out
    - bear up
    - bear with
    - find/get one's bearings
    - lose one's bearings     II [beə] noun
    (a large heavy animal with thick fur and hooked claws.) bjørn
    * * *
    I [beə] past tense - bore; verb
    1) ((usually with cannot, could not etc) to put up with or endure: I couldn't bear it if he left.) bære; tåle; udholde
    2) (to be able to support: Will the table bear my weight?) bære
    3) ((past participle in passive born [bo:n]) to produce (children): She has borne (him) several children; She was born on July 7.) føde
    4) (to carry: He was borne shoulder-high after his victory.) bære
    5) (to have: The cheque bore his signature.) bære
    6) (to turn or fork: The road bears left here.) svinge
    •
    - bearer
    - bearing
    - bearings
    - bear down on
    - bear fruit
    - bear out
    - bear up
    - bear with
    - find/get one's bearings
    - lose one's bearings     II [beə] noun
    (a large heavy animal with thick fur and hooked claws.) bjørn

    English-Danish dictionary > bear

  • 15 Historical Portugal

       Before Romans described western Iberia or Hispania as "Lusitania," ancient Iberians inhabited the land. Phoenician and Greek trading settlements grew up in the Tagus estuary area and nearby coasts. Beginning around 202 BCE, Romans invaded what is today southern Portugal. With Rome's defeat of Carthage, Romans proceeded to conquer and rule the western region north of the Tagus, which they named Roman "Lusitania." In the fourth century CE, as Rome's rule weakened, the area experienced yet another invasion—Germanic tribes, principally the Suevi, who eventually were Christianized. During the sixth century CE, the Suevi kingdom was superseded by yet another Germanic tribe—the Christian Visigoths.
       A major turning point in Portugal's history came in 711, as Muslim armies from North Africa, consisting of both Arab and Berber elements, invaded the Iberian Peninsula from across the Straits of Gibraltar. They entered what is now Portugal in 714, and proceeded to conquer most of the country except for the far north. For the next half a millennium, Islam and Muslim presence in Portugal left a significant mark upon the politics, government, language, and culture of the country.
       Islam, Reconquest, and Portugal Created, 714-1140
       The long frontier struggle between Muslim invaders and Christian communities in the north of the Iberian peninsula was called the Reconquista (Reconquest). It was during this struggle that the first dynasty of Portuguese kings (Burgundian) emerged and the independent monarchy of Portugal was established. Christian forces moved south from what is now the extreme north of Portugal and gradually defeated Muslim forces, besieging and capturing towns under Muslim sway. In the ninth century, as Christian forces slowly made their way southward, Christian elements were dominant only in the area between Minho province and the Douro River; this region became known as "territorium Portu-calense."
       In the 11th century, the advance of the Reconquest quickened as local Christian armies were reinforced by crusading knights from what is now France and England. Christian forces took Montemor (1034), at the Mondego River; Lamego (1058); Viseu (1058); and Coimbra (1064). In 1095, the king of Castile and Léon granted the country of "Portu-cale," what became northern Portugal, to a Burgundian count who had emigrated from France. This was the foundation of Portugal. In 1139, a descendant of this count, Afonso Henriques, proclaimed himself "King of Portugal." He was Portugal's first monarch, the "Founder," and the first of the Burgundian dynasty, which ruled until 1385.
       The emergence of Portugal in the 12th century as a separate monarchy in Iberia occurred before the Christian Reconquest of the peninsula. In the 1140s, the pope in Rome recognized Afonso Henriques as king of Portugal. In 1147, after a long, bloody siege, Muslim-occupied Lisbon fell to Afonso Henriques's army. Lisbon was the greatest prize of the 500-year war. Assisting this effort were English crusaders on their way to the Holy Land; the first bishop of Lisbon was an Englishman. When the Portuguese captured Faro and Silves in the Algarve province in 1248-50, the Reconquest of the extreme western portion of the Iberian peninsula was complete—significantly, more than two centuries before the Spanish crown completed the Reconquest of the eastern portion by capturing Granada in 1492.
       Consolidation and Independence of Burgundian Portugal, 1140-1385
       Two main themes of Portugal's early existence as a monarchy are the consolidation of control over the realm and the defeat of a Castil-ian threat from the east to its independence. At the end of this period came the birth of a new royal dynasty (Aviz), which prepared to carry the Christian Reconquest beyond continental Portugal across the straits of Gibraltar to North Africa. There was a variety of motives behind these developments. Portugal's independent existence was imperiled by threats from neighboring Iberian kingdoms to the north and east. Politics were dominated not only by efforts against the Muslims in
       Portugal (until 1250) and in nearby southern Spain (until 1492), but also by internecine warfare among the kingdoms of Castile, Léon, Aragon, and Portugal. A final comeback of Muslim forces was defeated at the battle of Salado (1340) by allied Castilian and Portuguese forces. In the emerging Kingdom of Portugal, the monarch gradually gained power over and neutralized the nobility and the Church.
       The historic and commonplace Portuguese saying "From Spain, neither a good wind nor a good marriage" was literally played out in diplomacy and war in the late 14th-century struggles for mastery in the peninsula. Larger, more populous Castile was pitted against smaller Portugal. Castile's Juan I intended to force a union between Castile and Portugal during this era of confusion and conflict. In late 1383, Portugal's King Fernando, the last king of the Burgundian dynasty, suddenly died prematurely at age 38, and the Master of Aviz, Portugal's most powerful nobleman, took up the cause of independence and resistance against Castile's invasion. The Master of Aviz, who became King João I of Portugal, was able to obtain foreign assistance. With the aid of English archers, Joao's armies defeated the Castilians in the crucial battle of Aljubarrota, on 14 August 1385, a victory that assured the independence of the Portuguese monarchy from its Castilian nemesis for several centuries.
       Aviz Dynasty and Portugal's First Overseas Empire, 1385-1580
       The results of the victory at Aljubarrota, much celebrated in Portugal's art and monuments, and the rise of the Aviz dynasty also helped to establish a new merchant class in Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal's second city. This group supported King João I's program of carrying the Reconquest to North Africa, since it was interested in expanding Portugal's foreign commerce and tapping into Muslim trade routes and resources in Africa. With the Reconquest against the Muslims completed in Portugal and the threat from Castile thwarted for the moment, the Aviz dynasty launched an era of overseas conquest, exploration, and trade. These efforts dominated Portugal's 15th and 16th centuries.
       The overseas empire and age of Discoveries began with Portugal's bold conquest in 1415 of the Moroccan city of Ceuta. One royal member of the 1415 expedition was young, 21-year-old Prince Henry, later known in history as "Prince Henry the Navigator." His part in the capture of Ceuta won Henry his knighthood and began Portugal's "Marvelous Century," during which the small kingdom was counted as a European and world power of consequence. Henry was the son of King João I and his English queen, Philippa of Lancaster, but he did not inherit the throne. Instead, he spent most of his life and his fortune, and that of the wealthy military Order of Christ, on various imperial ventures and on voyages of exploration down the African coast and into the Atlantic. While mythology has surrounded Henry's controversial role in the Discoveries, and this role has been exaggerated, there is no doubt that he played a vital part in the initiation of Portugal's first overseas empire and in encouraging exploration. He was naturally curious, had a sense of mission for Portugal, and was a strong leader. He also had wealth to expend; at least a third of the African voyages of the time were under his sponsorship. If Prince Henry himself knew little science, significant scientific advances in navigation were made in his day.
       What were Portugal's motives for this new imperial effort? The well-worn historical cliche of "God, Glory, and Gold" can only partly explain the motivation of a small kingdom with few natural resources and barely 1 million people, which was greatly outnumbered by the other powers it confronted. Among Portuguese objectives were the desire to exploit known North African trade routes and resources (gold, wheat, leather, weaponry, and other goods that were scarce in Iberia); the need to outflank the Muslim world in the Mediterranean by sailing around Africa, attacking Muslims en route; and the wish to ally with Christian kingdoms beyond Africa. This enterprise also involved a strategy of breaking the Venetian spice monopoly by trading directly with the East by means of discovering and exploiting a sea route around Africa to Asia. Besides the commercial motives, Portugal nurtured a strong crusading sense of Christian mission, and various classes in the kingdom saw an opportunity for fame and gain.
       By the time of Prince Henry's death in 1460, Portugal had gained control of the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeiras, begun to colonize the Cape Verde Islands, failed to conquer the Canary Islands from Castile, captured various cities on Morocco's coast, and explored as far as Senegal, West Africa, down the African coast. By 1488, Bar-tolomeu Dias had rounded the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and thereby discovered the way to the Indian Ocean.
       Portugal's largely coastal African empire and later its fragile Asian empire brought unexpected wealth but were purchased at a high price. Costs included wars of conquest and defense against rival powers, manning the far-flung navel and trade fleets and scattered castle-fortresses, and staffing its small but fierce armies, all of which entailed a loss of skills and population to maintain a scattered empire. Always short of capital, the monarchy became indebted to bankers. There were many defeats beginning in the 16th century at the hands of the larger imperial European monarchies (Spain, France, England, and Holland) and many attacks on Portugal and its strung-out empire. Typically, there was also the conflict that arose when a tenuously held world empire that rarely if ever paid its way demanded finance and manpower Portugal itself lacked.
       The first 80 years of the glorious imperial era, the golden age of Portugal's imperial power and world influence, was an African phase. During 1415-88, Portuguese navigators and explorers in small ships, some of them caravelas (caravels), explored the treacherous, disease-ridden coasts of Africa from Morocco to South Africa beyond the Cape of Good Hope. By the 1470s, the Portuguese had reached the Gulf of Guinea and, in the early 1480s, what is now Angola. Bartolomeu Dias's extraordinary voyage of 1487-88 to South Africa's coast and the edge of the Indian Ocean convinced Portugal that the best route to Asia's spices and Christians lay south, around the tip of southern Africa. Between 1488 and 1495, there was a hiatus caused in part by domestic conflict in Portugal, discussion of resources available for further conquests beyond Africa in Asia, and serious questions as to Portugal's capacity to reach beyond Africa. In 1495, King Manuel and his council decided to strike for Asia, whatever the consequences. In 1497-99, Vasco da Gama, under royal orders, made the epic two-year voyage that discovered the sea route to western India (Asia), outflanked Islam and Venice, and began Portugal's Asian empire. Within 50 years, Portugal had discovered and begun the exploitation of its largest colony, Brazil, and set up forts and trading posts from the Middle East (Aden and Ormuz), India (Calicut, Goa, etc.), Malacca, and Indonesia to Macau in China.
       By the 1550s, parts of its largely coastal, maritime trading post empire from Morocco to the Moluccas were under siege from various hostile forces, including Muslims, Christians, and Hindi. Although Moroccan forces expelled the Portuguese from the major coastal cities by 1550, the rival European monarchies of Castile (Spain), England, France, and later Holland began to seize portions of her undermanned, outgunned maritime empire.
       In 1580, Phillip II of Spain, whose mother was a Portuguese princess and who had a strong claim to the Portuguese throne, invaded Portugal, claimed the throne, and assumed control over the realm and, by extension, its African, Asian, and American empires. Phillip II filled the power vacuum that appeared in Portugal following the loss of most of Portugal's army and its young, headstrong King Sebastião in a disastrous war in Morocco. Sebastiao's death in battle (1578) and the lack of a natural heir to succeed him, as well as the weak leadership of the cardinal who briefly assumed control in Lisbon, led to a crisis that Spain's strong monarch exploited. As a result, Portugal lost its independence to Spain for a period of 60 years.
       Portugal under Spanish Rule, 1580-1640
       Despite the disastrous nature of Portugal's experience under Spanish rule, "The Babylonian Captivity" gave birth to modern Portuguese nationalism, its second overseas empire, and its modern alliance system with England. Although Spain allowed Portugal's weakened empire some autonomy, Spanish rule in Portugal became increasingly burdensome and unacceptable. Spain's ambitious imperial efforts in Europe and overseas had an impact on the Portuguese as Spain made greater and greater demands on its smaller neighbor for manpower and money. Portugal's culture underwent a controversial Castilianization, while its empire became hostage to Spain's fortunes. New rival powers England, France, and Holland attacked and took parts of Spain's empire and at the same time attacked Portugal's empire, as well as the mother country.
       Portugal's empire bore the consequences of being attacked by Spain's bitter enemies in what was a form of world war. Portuguese losses were heavy. By 1640, Portugal had lost most of its Moroccan cities as well as Ceylon, the Moluccas, and sections of India. With this, Portugal's Asian empire was gravely weakened. Only Goa, Damão, Diu, Bombay, Timor, and Macau remained and, in Brazil, Dutch forces occupied the northeast.
       On 1 December 1640, long commemorated as a national holiday, Portuguese rebels led by the duke of Braganza overthrew Spanish domination and took advantage of Spanish weakness following a more serious rebellion in Catalonia. Portugal regained independence from Spain, but at a price: dependence on foreign assistance to maintain its independence in the form of the renewal of the alliance with England.
       Restoration and Second Empire, 1640-1822
       Foreign affairs and empire dominated the restoration era and aftermath, and Portugal again briefly enjoyed greater European power and prestige. The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance was renewed and strengthened in treaties of 1642, 1654, and 1661, and Portugal's independence from Spain was underwritten by English pledges and armed assistance. In a Luso-Spanish treaty of 1668, Spain recognized Portugal's independence. Portugal's alliance with England was a marriage of convenience and necessity between two monarchies with important religious, cultural, and social differences. In return for legal, diplomatic, and trade privileges, as well as the use during war and peace of Portugal's great Lisbon harbor and colonial ports for England's navy, England pledged to protect Portugal and its scattered empire from any attack. The previously cited 17th-century alliance treaties were renewed later in the Treaty of Windsor, signed in London in 1899. On at least 10 different occasions after 1640, and during the next two centuries, England was central in helping prevent or repel foreign invasions of its ally, Portugal.
       Portugal's second empire (1640-1822) was largely Brazil-oriented. Portuguese colonization, exploitation of wealth, and emigration focused on Portuguese America, and imperial revenues came chiefly from Brazil. Between 1670 and 1740, Portugal's royalty and nobility grew wealthier on funds derived from Brazilian gold, diamonds, sugar, tobacco, and other crops, an enterprise supported by the Atlantic slave trade and the supply of African slave labor from West Africa and Angola. Visitors today can see where much of that wealth was invested: Portugal's rich legacy of monumental architecture. Meanwhile, the African slave trade took a toll in Angola and West Africa.
       In continental Portugal, absolutist monarchy dominated politics and government, and there was a struggle for position and power between the monarchy and other institutions, such as the Church and nobility. King José I's chief minister, usually known in history as the marquis of Pombal (ruled 1750-77), sharply suppressed the nobility and the
       Church (including the Inquisition, now a weak institution) and expelled the Jesuits. Pombal also made an effort to reduce economic dependence on England, Portugal's oldest ally. But his successes did not last much beyond his disputed time in office.
       Beginning in the late 18th century, the European-wide impact of the French Revolution and the rise of Napoleon placed Portugal in a vulnerable position. With the monarchy ineffectively led by an insane queen (Maria I) and her indecisive regent son (João VI), Portugal again became the focus of foreign ambition and aggression. With England unable to provide decisive assistance in time, France—with Spain's consent—invaded Portugal in 1807. As Napoleon's army under General Junot entered Lisbon meeting no resistance, Portugal's royal family fled on a British fleet to Brazil, where it remained in exile until 1821. In the meantime, Portugal's overseas empire was again under threat. There was a power vacuum as the monarch was absent, foreign armies were present, and new political notions of liberalism and constitutional monarchy were exciting various groups of citizens.
       Again England came to the rescue, this time in the form of the armies of the duke of Wellington. Three successive French invasions of Portugal were defeated and expelled, and Wellington succeeded in carrying the war against Napoleon across the Portuguese frontier into Spain. The presence of the English army, the new French-born liberal ideas, and the political vacuum combined to create revolutionary conditions. The French invasions and the peninsular wars, where Portuguese armed forces played a key role, marked the beginning of a new era in politics.
       Liberalism and Constitutional Monarchy, 1822-1910
       During 1807-22, foreign invasions, war, and civil strife over conflicting political ideas gravely damaged Portugal's commerce, economy, and novice industry. The next terrible blow was the loss of Brazil in 1822, the jewel in the imperial crown. Portugal's very independence seemed to be at risk. In vain, Portugal sought to resist Brazilian independence by force, but in 1825 it formally acknowledged Brazilian independence by treaty.
       Portugal's slow recovery from the destructive French invasions and the "war of independence" was complicated by civil strife over the form of constitutional monarchy that best suited Portugal. After struggles over these issues between 1820 and 1834, Portugal settled somewhat uncertainly into a moderate constitutional monarchy whose constitution (Charter of 1826) lent it strong political powers to exert a moderating influence between the executive and legislative branches of the government. It also featured a new upper middle class based on land ownership and commerce; a Catholic Church that, although still important, lived with reduced privileges and property; a largely African (third) empire to which Lisbon and Oporto devoted increasing spiritual and material resources, starting with the liberal imperial plans of 1836 and 1851, and continuing with the work of institutions like the Lisbon Society of Geography (established 1875); and a mass of rural peasants whose bonds to the land weakened after 1850 and who began to immigrate in increasing numbers to Brazil and North America.
       Chronic military intervention in national politics began in 19th-century Portugal. Such intervention, usually commencing with coups or pronunciamentos (military revolts), was a shortcut to the spoils of political office and could reflect popular discontent as well as the power of personalities. An early example of this was the 1817 golpe (coup) attempt of General Gomes Freire against British military rule in Portugal before the return of King João VI from Brazil. Except for a more stable period from 1851 to 1880, military intervention in politics, or the threat thereof, became a feature of the constitutional monarchy's political life, and it continued into the First Republic and the subsequent Estado Novo.
       Beginning with the Regeneration period (1851-80), Portugal experienced greater political stability and economic progress. Military intervention in politics virtually ceased; industrialization and construction of railroads, roads, and bridges proceeded; two political parties (Regenerators and Historicals) worked out a system of rotation in power; and leading intellectuals sparked a cultural revival in several fields. In 19th-century literature, there was a new golden age led by such figures as Alexandre Herculano (historian), Eça de Queirós (novelist), Almeida Garrett (playwright and essayist), Antero de Quental (poet), and Joaquim Oliveira Martins (historian and social scientist). In its third overseas empire, Portugal attempted to replace the slave trade and slavery with legitimate economic activities; to reform the administration; and to expand Portuguese holdings beyond coastal footholds deep into the African hinterlands in West, West Central, and East Africa. After 1841, to some extent, and especially after 1870, colonial affairs, combined with intense nationalism, pressures for economic profit in Africa, sentiment for national revival, and the drift of European affairs would make or break Lisbon governments.
       Beginning with the political crisis that arose out of the "English Ultimatum" affair of January 1890, the monarchy became discredtted and identified with the poorly functioning government, political parties splintered, and republicanism found more supporters. Portugal participated in the "Scramble for Africa," expanding its African holdings, but failed to annex territory connecting Angola and Mozambique. A growing foreign debt and state bankruptcy as of the early 1890s damaged the constitutional monarchy's reputation, despite the efforts of King Carlos in diplomacy, the renewal of the alliance in the Windsor Treaty of 1899, and the successful if bloody colonial wars in the empire (1880-97). Republicanism proclaimed that Portugal's weak economy and poor society were due to two historic institutions: the monarchy and the Catholic Church. A republic, its stalwarts claimed, would bring greater individual liberty; efficient, if more decentralized government; and a stronger colonial program while stripping the Church of its role in both society and education.
       As the monarchy lost support and republicans became more aggressive, violence increased in politics. King Carlos I and his heir Luís were murdered in Lisbon by anarchist-republicans on 1 February 1908. Following a military and civil insurrection and fighting between monarchist and republican forces, on 5 October 1910, King Manuel II fled Portugal and a republic was proclaimed.
       First Parliamentary Republic, 1910-26
       Portugal's first attempt at republican government was the most unstable, turbulent parliamentary republic in the history of 20th-century Western Europe. During a little under 16 years of the republic, there were 45 governments, a number of legislatures that did not complete normal terms, military coups, and only one president who completed his four-year term in office. Portuguese society was poorly prepared for this political experiment. Among the deadly legacies of the monarchy were a huge public debt; a largely rural, apolitical, and illiterate peasant population; conflict over the causes of the country's misfortunes; and lack of experience with a pluralist, democratic system.
       The republic had some talented leadership but lacked popular, institutional, and economic support. The 1911 republican constitution established only a limited democracy, as only a small portion of the adult male citizenry was eligible to vote. In a country where the majority was Catholic, the republic passed harshly anticlerical laws, and its institutions and supporters persecuted both the Church and its adherents. During its brief disjointed life, the First Republic drafted important reform plans in economic, social, and educational affairs; actively promoted development in the empire; and pursued a liberal, generous foreign policy. Following British requests for Portugal's assistance in World War I, Portugal entered the war on the Allied side in March 1916 and sent armies to Flanders and Portuguese Africa. Portugal's intervention in that conflict, however, was too costly in many respects, and the ultimate failure of the republic in part may be ascribed to Portugal's World War I activities.
       Unfortunately for the republic, its time coincided with new threats to Portugal's African possessions: World War I, social and political demands from various classes that could not be reconciled, excessive military intervention in politics, and, in particular, the worst economic and financial crisis Portugal had experienced since the 16th and 17th centuries. After the original Portuguese Republican Party (PRP, also known as the "Democrats") splintered into three warring groups in 1912, no true multiparty system emerged. The Democrats, except for only one or two elections, held an iron monopoly of electoral power, and political corruption became a major issue. As extreme right-wing dictatorships elsewhere in Europe began to take power in Italy (1922), neighboring Spain (1923), and Greece (1925), what scant popular support remained for the republic collapsed. Backed by a right-wing coalition of landowners from Alentejo, clergy, Coimbra University faculty and students, Catholic organizations, and big business, career military officers led by General Gomes da Costa executed a coup on 28 May 1926, turned out the last republican government, and established a military government.
       The Estado Novo (New State), 1926-74
       During the military phase (1926-32) of the Estado Novo, professional military officers, largely from the army, governed and administered Portugal and held key cabinet posts, but soon discovered that the military possessed no magic formula that could readily solve the problems inherited from the First Republic. Especially during the years 1926-31, the military dictatorship, even with its political repression of republican activities and institutions (military censorship of the press, political police action, and closure of the republic's rowdy parliament), was characterized by similar weaknesses: personalism and factionalism; military coups and political instability, including civil strife and loss of life; state debt and bankruptcy; and a weak economy. "Barracks parliamentarism" was not an acceptable alternative even to the "Nightmare Republic."
       Led by General Óscar Carmona, who had replaced and sent into exile General Gomes da Costa, the military dictatorship turned to a civilian expert in finance and economics to break the budget impasse and bring coherence to the disorganized system. Appointed minister of finance on 27 April 1928, the Coimbra University Law School professor of economics Antônio de Oliveira Salazar (1889-1970) first reformed finance, helped balance the budget, and then turned to other concerns as he garnered extraordinary governing powers. In 1930, he was appointed interim head of another key ministry (Colonies) and within a few years had become, in effect, a civilian dictator who, with the military hierarchy's support, provided the government with coherence, a program, and a set of policies.
       For nearly 40 years after he was appointed the first civilian prime minister in 1932, Salazar's personality dominated the government. Unlike extreme right-wing dictators elsewhere in Europe, Salazar was directly appointed by the army but was never endorsed by a popular political party, street militia, or voter base. The scholarly, reclusive former Coimbra University professor built up what became known after 1932 as the Estado Novo ("New State"), which at the time of its overthrow by another military coup in 1974, was the longest surviving authoritarian regime in Western Europe. The system of Salazar and the largely academic and technocratic ruling group he gathered in his cabinets was based on the central bureaucracy of the state, which was supported by the president of the republic—always a senior career military officer, General Óscar Carmona (1928-51), General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58), and Admiral Américo Tómaz (1958-74)—and the complicity of various institutions. These included a rubber-stamp legislature called the National Assembly (1935-74) and a political police known under various names: PVDE (1932-45), PIDE (1945-69),
       and DGS (1969-74). Other defenders of the Estado Novo security were paramilitary organizations such as the National Republican Guard (GNR); the Portuguese Legion (PL); and the Portuguese Youth [Movement]. In addition to censorship of the media, theater, and books, there was political repression and a deliberate policy of depoliticization. All political parties except for the approved movement of regime loyalists, the União Nacional or (National Union), were banned.
       The most vigorous and more popular period of the New State was 1932-44, when the basic structures were established. Never monolithic or entirely the work of one person (Salazar), the New State was constructed with the assistance of several dozen top associates who were mainly academics from law schools, some technocrats with specialized skills, and a handful of trusted career military officers. The 1933 Constitution declared Portugal to be a "unitary, corporative Republic," and pressures to restore the monarchy were resisted. Although some of the regime's followers were fascists and pseudofascists, many more were conservative Catholics, integralists, nationalists, and monarchists of different varieties, and even some reactionary republicans. If the New State was authoritarian, it was not totalitarian and, unlike fascism in Benito Mussolini's Italy or Adolf Hitler's Germany, it usually employed the minimum of violence necessary to defeat what remained a largely fractious, incoherent opposition.
       With the tumultuous Second Republic and the subsequent civil war in nearby Spain, the regime felt threatened and reinforced its defenses. During what Salazar rightly perceived as a time of foreign policy crisis for Portugal (1936-45), he assumed control of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From there, he pursued four basic foreign policy objectives: supporting the Nationalist rebels of General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and concluding defense treaties with a triumphant Franco; ensuring that General Franco in an exhausted Spain did not enter World War II on the Axis side; maintaining Portuguese neutrality in World War II with a post-1942 tilt toward the Allies, including granting Britain and the United States use of bases in the Azores Islands; and preserving and protecting Portugal's Atlantic Islands and its extensive, if poor, overseas empire in Africa and Asia.
       During the middle years of the New State (1944-58), many key Salazar associates in government either died or resigned, and there was greater social unrest in the form of unprecedented strikes and clandestine Communist activities, intensified opposition, and new threatening international pressures on Portugal's overseas empire. During the earlier phase of the Cold War (1947-60), Portugal became a steadfast, if weak, member of the US-dominated North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance and, in 1955, with American support, Portugal joined the United Nations (UN). Colonial affairs remained a central concern of the regime. As of 1939, Portugal was the third largest colonial power in the world and possessed territories in tropical Africa (Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau, and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands) and the remnants of its 16th-century empire in Asia (Goa, Damão, Diu, East Timor, and Macau). Beginning in the early 1950s, following the independence of India in 1947, Portugal resisted Indian pressures to decolonize Portuguese India and used police forces to discourage internal opposition in its Asian and African colonies.
       The later years of the New State (1958-68) witnessed the aging of the increasingly isolated but feared Salazar and new threats both at home and overseas. Although the regime easily overcame the brief oppositionist threat from rival presidential candidate General Humberto Delgado in the spring of 1958, new developments in the African and Asian empires imperiled the authoritarian system. In February 1961, oppositionists hijacked the Portuguese ocean liner Santa Maria and, in following weeks, African insurgents in northern Angola, although they failed to expel the Portuguese, gained worldwide media attention, discredited the New State, and began the 13-year colonial war. After thwarting a dissident military coup against his continued leadership, Salazar and his ruling group mobilized military repression in Angola and attempted to develop the African colonies at a faster pace in order to ensure Portuguese control. Meanwhile, the other European colonial powers (Britain, France, Belgium, and Spain) rapidly granted political independence to their African territories.
       At the time of Salazar's removal from power in September 1968, following a stroke, Portugal's efforts to maintain control over its colonies appeared to be successful. President Americo Tomás appointed Dr. Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor as prime minister. While maintaining the New State's basic structures, and continuing the regime's essential colonial policy, Caetano attempted wider reforms in colonial administration and some devolution of power from Lisbon, as well as more freedom of expression in Lisbon. Still, a great deal of the budget was devoted to supporting the wars against the insurgencies in Africa. Meanwhile in Asia, Portuguese India had fallen when the Indian army invaded in December 1961. The loss of Goa was a psychological blow to the leadership of the New State, and of the Asian empire only East Timor and Macau remained.
       The Caetano years (1968-74) were but a hiatus between the waning Salazar era and a new regime. There was greater political freedom and rapid economic growth (5-6 percent annually to late 1973), but Caetano's government was unable to reform the old system thoroughly and refused to consider new methods either at home or in the empire. In the end, regime change came from junior officers of the professional military who organized the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) against the Caetano government. It was this group of several hundred officers, mainly in the army and navy, which engineered a largely bloodless coup in Lisbon on 25 April 1974. Their unexpected action brought down the 48-year-old New State and made possible the eventual establishment and consolidation of democratic governance in Portugal, as well as a reorientation of the country away from the Atlantic toward Europe.
       Revolution of Carnations, 1974-76
       Following successful military operations of the Armed Forces Movement against the Caetano government, Portugal experienced what became known as the "Revolution of Carnations." It so happened that during the rainy week of the military golpe, Lisbon flower shops were featuring carnations, and the revolutionaries and their supporters adopted the red carnation as the common symbol of the event, as well as of the new freedom from dictatorship. The MFA, whose leaders at first were mostly little-known majors and captains, proclaimed a three-fold program of change for the new Portugal: democracy; decolonization of the overseas empire, after ending the colonial wars; and developing a backward economy in the spirit of opportunity and equality. During the first 24 months after the coup, there was civil strife, some anarchy, and a power struggle. With the passing of the Estado Novo, public euphoria burst forth as the new provisional military government proclaimed the freedoms of speech, press, and assembly, and abolished censorship, the political police, the Portuguese Legion, Portuguese Youth, and other New State organizations, including the National Union. Scores of political parties were born and joined the senior political party, the Portuguese Community Party (PCP), and the Socialist Party (PS), founded shortly before the coup.
       Portugal's Revolution of Carnations went through several phases. There was an attempt to take control by radical leftists, including the PCP and its allies. This was thwarted by moderate officers in the army, as well as by the efforts of two political parties: the PS and the Social Democrats (PPD, later PSD). The first phase was from April to September 1974. Provisional president General Antonio Spínola, whose 1974 book Portugal and the Future had helped prepare public opinion for the coup, met irresistible leftist pressures. After Spinola's efforts to avoid rapid decolonization of the African empire failed, he resigned in September 1974. During the second phase, from September 1974 to March 1975, radical military officers gained control, but a coup attempt by General Spínola and his supporters in Lisbon in March 1975 failed and Spínola fled to Spain.
       In the third phase of the Revolution, March-November 1975, a strong leftist reaction followed. Farm workers occupied and "nationalized" 1.1 million hectares of farmland in the Alentejo province, and radical military officers in the provisional government ordered the nationalization of Portuguese banks (foreign banks were exempted), utilities, and major industries, or about 60 percent of the economic system. There were power struggles among various political parties — a total of 50 emerged—and in the streets there was civil strife among labor, military, and law enforcement groups. A constituent assembly, elected on 25 April 1975, in Portugal's first free elections since 1926, drafted a democratic constitution. The Council of the Revolution (CR), briefly a revolutionary military watchdog committee, was entrenched as part of the government under the constitution, until a later revision. During the chaotic year of 1975, about 30 persons were killed in political frays while unstable provisional governments came and went. On 25 November 1975, moderate military forces led by Colonel Ramalho Eanes, who later was twice elected president of the republic (1976 and 1981), defeated radical, leftist military groups' revolutionary conspiracies.
       In the meantime, Portugal's scattered overseas empire experienced a precipitous and unprepared decolonization. One by one, the former colonies were granted and accepted independence—Guinea-Bissau (September 1974), Cape Verde Islands (July 1975), and Mozambique (July 1975). Portugal offered to turn over Macau to the People's Republic of China, but the offer was refused then and later negotiations led to the establishment of a formal decolonization or hand-over date of 1999. But in two former colonies, the process of decolonization had tragic results.
       In Angola, decolonization negotiations were greatly complicated by the fact that there were three rival nationalist movements in a struggle for power. The January 1975 Alvor Agreement signed by Portugal and these three parties was not effectively implemented. A bloody civil war broke out in Angola in the spring of 1975 and, when Portuguese armed forces withdrew and declared that Angola was independent on 11 November 1975, the bloodshed only increased. Meanwhile, most of the white Portuguese settlers from Angola and Mozambique fled during the course of 1975. Together with African refugees, more than 600,000 of these retornados ("returned ones") went by ship and air to Portugal and thousands more to Namibia, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, and the United States.
       The second major decolonization disaster was in Portugal's colony of East Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. Portugal's capacity to supervise and control a peaceful transition to independence in this isolated, neglected colony was limited by the strength of giant Indonesia, distance from Lisbon, and Portugal's revolutionary disorder and inability to defend Timor. In early December 1975, before Portugal granted formal independence and as one party, FRETILIN, unilaterally declared East Timor's independence, Indonesia's armed forces invaded, conquered, and annexed East Timor. Indonesian occupation encountered East Timorese resistance, and a heavy loss of life followed. The East Timor question remained a contentious international issue in the UN, as well as in Lisbon and Jakarta, for more than 20 years following Indonesia's invasion and annexation of the former colony of Portugal. Major changes occurred, beginning in 1998, after Indonesia underwent a political revolution and allowed a referendum in East Timor to decide that territory's political future in August 1999. Most East Timorese chose independence, but Indonesian forces resisted that verdict until
       UN intervention in September 1999. Following UN rule for several years, East Timor attained full independence on 20 May 2002.
       Consolidation of Democracy, 1976-2000
       After several free elections and record voter turnouts between 25 April 1975 and June 1976, civil war was averted and Portugal's second democratic republic began to stabilize. The MFA was dissolved, the military were returned to the barracks, and increasingly elected civilians took over the government of the country. The 1976 Constitution was revised several times beginning in 1982 and 1989, in order to reempha-size the principle of free enterprise in the economy while much of the large, nationalized sector was privatized. In June 1976, General Ram-alho Eanes was elected the first constitutional president of the republic (five-year term), and he appointed socialist leader Dr. Mário Soares as prime minister of the first constitutional government.
       From 1976 to 1985, Portugal's new system featured a weak economy and finances, labor unrest, and administrative and political instability. The difficult consolidation of democratic governance was eased in part by the strong currency and gold reserves inherited from the Estado Novo, but Lisbon seemed unable to cope with high unemployment, new debt, the complex impact of the refugees from Africa, world recession, and the agitation of political parties. Four major parties emerged from the maelstrom of 1974-75, except for the Communist Party, all newly founded. They were, from left to right, the Communists (PCP); the Socialists (PS), who managed to dominate governments and the legislature but not win a majority in the Assembly of the Republic; the Social Democrats (PSD); and the Christian Democrats (CDS). During this period, the annual growth rate was low (l-2 percent), and the nationalized sector of the economy stagnated.
       Enhanced economic growth, greater political stability, and more effective central government as of 1985, and especially 1987, were due to several developments. In 1977, Portugal applied for membership in the European Economic Community (EEC), now the European Union (EU) since 1993. In January 1986, with Spain, Portugal was granted membership, and economic and financial progress in the intervening years has been significantly influenced by the comparatively large investment, loans, technology, advice, and other assistance from the EEC. Low unemployment, high annual growth rates (5 percent), and moderate inflation have also been induced by the new political and administrative stability in Lisbon. Led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva, an economist who was trained abroad, the PSD's strong organization, management, and electoral support since 1985 have assisted in encouraging economic recovery and development. In 1985, the PSD turned the PS out of office and won the general election, although they did not have an absolute majority of assembly seats. In 1986, Mário Soares was elected president of the republic, the first civilian to hold that office since the First Republic. In the elections of 1987 and 1991, however, the PSD was returned to power with clear majorities of over 50 percent of the vote.
       Although the PSD received 50.4 percent of the vote in the 1991 parliamentary elections and held a 42-seat majority in the Assembly of the Republic, the party began to lose public support following media revelations regarding corruption and complaints about Prime Minister Cavaco Silva's perceived arrogant leadership style. President Mário Soares voiced criticism of the PSD's seemingly untouchable majority and described a "tyranny of the majority." Economic growth slowed down. In the parliamentary elections of 1995 and the presidential election of 1996, the PSD's dominance ended for the time being. Prime Minister Antônio Guterres came to office when the PS won the October 1995 elections, and in the subsequent presidential contest, in January 1996, socialist Jorge Sampaio, the former mayor of Lisbon, was elected president of the republic, thus defeating Cavaco Silva's bid. Young and popular, Guterres moved the PS toward the center of the political spectrum. Under Guterres, the PS won the October 1999 parliamentary elections. The PS defeated the PSD but did not manage to win a clear, working majority of seats, and this made the PS dependent upon alliances with smaller parties, including the PCP.
       In the local elections in December 2001, the PSD's criticism of PS's heavy public spending allowed the PSD to take control of the key cities of Lisbon, Oporto, and Coimbra. Guterres resigned, and parliamentary elections were brought forward from 2004 to March 2002. The PSD won a narrow victory with 40 percent of the votes, and Jose Durão Barroso became prime minister. Having failed to win a majority of the seats in parliament forced the PSD to govern in coalition with the right-wing Popular Party (PP) led by Paulo Portas. Durão Barroso set about reducing government spending by cutting the budgets of local authorities, freezing civil service hiring, and reviving the economy by accelerating privatization of state-owned enterprises. These measures provoked a 24-hour strike by public-sector workers. Durão Barroso reacted with vows to press ahead with budget-cutting measures and imposed a wage freeze on all employees earning more than €1,000, which affected more than one-half of Portugal's work force.
       In June 2004, Durão Barroso was invited by Romano Prodi to succeed him as president of the European Commission. Durão Barroso accepted and resigned the prime ministership in July. Pedro Santana Lopes, the leader of the PSD, became prime minister. Already unpopular at the time of Durão Barroso's resignation, the PSD-led government became increasingly unpopular under Santana Lopes. A month-long delay in the start of the school year and confusion over his plan to cut taxes and raise public-sector salaries, eroded confidence even more. By November, Santana Lopes's government was so unpopular that President Jorge Sampaio was obliged to dissolve parliament and hold new elections, two years ahead of schedule.
       Parliamentary elections were held on 20 February 2005. The PS, which had promised the electorate disciplined and transparent governance, educational reform, the alleviation of poverty, and a boost in employment, won 45 percent of the vote and the majority of the seats in parliament. The leader of the PS, José Sôcrates became prime minister on 12 March 2005. In the regularly scheduled presidential elections held on 6 January 2006, the former leader of the PSD and prime minister, Aníbal Cavaco Silva, won a narrow victory and became president on 9 March 2006. With a mass protest, public teachers' strike, and street demonstrations in March 2008, Portugal's media, educational, and social systems experienced more severe pressures. With the spreading global recession beginning in September 2008, Portugal's economic and financial systems became more troubled.
       Owing to its geographic location on the southwestern most edge of continental Europe, Portugal has been historically in but not of Europe. Almost from the beginning of its existence in the 12th century as an independent monarchy, Portugal turned its back on Europe and oriented itself toward the Atlantic Ocean. After carving out a Christian kingdom on the western portion of the Iberian peninsula, Portuguese kings gradually built and maintained a vast seaborne global empire that became central to the way Portugal understood its individuality as a nation-state. While the creation of this empire allows Portugal to claim an unusual number of "firsts" or distinctions in world and Western history, it also retarded Portugal's economic, social, and political development. It can be reasonably argued that the Revolution of 25 April 1974 was the most decisive event in Portugal's long history because it finally ended Portugal's oceanic mission and view of itself as an imperial power. After the 1974 Revolution, Portugal turned away from its global mission and vigorously reoriented itself toward Europe. Contemporary Portugal is now both in and of Europe.
       The turn toward Europe began immediately after 25 April 1974. Portugal granted independence to its African colonies in 1975. It was admitted to the European Council and took the first steps toward accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1976. On 28 March 1977, the Portuguese government officially applied for EEC membership. Because of Portugal's economic and social backwardness, which would require vast sums of EEC money to overcome, negotiations for membership were long and difficult. Finally, a treaty of accession was signed on 12 June 1985. Portugal officially joined the EEC (the European Union [EU] since 1993) on 1 January 1986. Since becoming a full-fledged member of the EU, Portugal has been steadily overcoming the economic and social underdevelopment caused by its imperial past and is becoming more like the rest of Europe.
       Membership in the EU has speeded up the structural transformation of Portugal's economy, which actually began during the Estado Novo. Investments made by the Estado Novo in Portugal's economy began to shift employment out of the agricultural sector, which, in 1950, accounted for 50 percent of Portugal's economically active population. Today, only 10 percent of the economically active population is employed in the agricultural sector (the highest among EU member states); 30 percent in the industrial sector (also the highest among EU member states); and 60 percent in the service sector (the lowest among EU member states). The economically active population numbers about 5,000,000 employed, 56 percent of whom are women. Women workers are the majority of the workforce in the agricultural and service sectors (the highest among the EU member states). The expansion of the service sector has been primarily in health care and education. Portugal has had the lowest unemployment rates among EU member states, with the overall rate never being more than 10 percent of the active population. Since joining the EU, the number of employers increased from 2.6 percent to 5.8 percent of the active population; self-employed from 16 to 19 percent; and employees from 65 to 70 percent. Twenty-six percent of the employers are women. Unemployment tends to hit younger workers in industry and transportation, women employed in domestic service, workers on short-term contracts, and poorly educated workers. Salaried workers earn only 63 percent of the EU average, and hourly workers only one-third to one-half of that earned by their EU counterparts. Despite having had the second highest growth of gross national product (GNP) per inhabitant (after Ireland) among EU member states, the above data suggest that while much has been accomplished in terms of modernizing the Portuguese economy, much remains to be done to bring Portugal's economy up to the level of the "average" EU member state.
       Membership in the EU has also speeded up changes in Portuguese society. Over the last 30 years, coastalization and urbanization have intensified. Fully 50 percent of Portuguese live in the coastal urban conurbations of Lisbon, Oporto, Braga, Aveiro, Coimbra, Viseu, Évora, and Faro. The Portuguese population is one of the oldest among EU member states (17.3 percent are 65 years of age or older) thanks to a considerable increase in life expectancy at birth (77.87 years for the total population, 74.6 years for men, 81.36 years for women) and one of the lowest birthrates (10.59 births/1,000) in Europe. Family size averages 2.8 persons per household, with the strict nuclear family (one or two generations) in which both parents work being typical. Common law marriages, cohabitating couples, and single-parent households are more and more common. The divorce rate has also increased. "Youth Culture" has developed. The young have their own meeting places, leisure-time activities, and nightlife (bars, clubs, and discos).
       All Portuguese citizens, whether they have contributed or not, have a right to an old-age pension, invalidity benefits, widowed persons' pension, as well as payments for disabilities, children, unemployment, and large families. There is a national minimum wage (€385 per month), which is low by EU standards. The rapid aging of Portugal's population has changed the ratio of contributors to pensioners to 1.7, the lowest in the EU. This has created deficits in Portugal's social security fund.
       The adult literacy rate is about 92 percent. Illiteracy is still found among the elderly. Although universal compulsory education up to grade 9 was achieved in 1980, only 21.2 percent of the population aged 25-64 had undergone secondary education, compared to an EU average of 65.7 percent. Portugal's higher education system currently consists of 14 state universities and 14 private universities, 15 state polytechnic institutions, one Catholic university, and one military academy. All in all, Portugal spends a greater percentage of its state budget on education than most EU member states. Despite this high level of expenditure, the troubled Portuguese education system does not perform well. Early leaving and repetition rates are among the highest among EU member states.
       After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, Portugal created a National Health Service, which today consists of 221 hospitals and 512 medical centers employing 33,751 doctors and 41,799 nurses. Like its education system, Portugal's medical system is inefficient. There are long waiting lists for appointments with specialists and for surgical procedures.
       Structural changes in Portugal's economy and society mean that social life in Portugal is not too different from that in other EU member states. A mass consumption society has been created. Televisions, telephones, refrigerators, cars, music equipment, mobile phones, and personal computers are commonplace. Sixty percent of Portuguese households possess at least one automobile, and 65 percent of Portuguese own their own home. Portuguese citizens are more aware of their legal rights than ever before. This has resulted in a trebling of the number of legal proceeding since 1960 and an eight-fold increase in the number of lawyers. In general, Portuguese society has become more permissive and secular; the Catholic Church and the armed forces are much less influential than in the past. Portugal's population is also much more culturally, religiously, and ethnically diverse, a consequence of the coming to Portugal of hundreds of thousands of immigrants, mainly from former African colonies.
       Portuguese are becoming more cosmopolitan and sophisticated through the impact of world media, the Internet, and the World Wide Web. A prime case in point came in the summer and early fall of 1999, with the extraordinary events in East Timor and the massive Portuguese popular responses. An internationally monitored referendum in East Timor, Portugal's former colony in the Indonesian archipelago and under Indonesian occupation from late 1975 to summer 1999, resulted in a vote of 78.5 percent for rejecting integration with Indonesia and for independence. When Indonesian prointegration gangs, aided by the Indonesian military, responded to the referendum with widespread brutality and threatened to reverse the verdict of the referendum, there was a spontaneous popular outpouring of protest in the cities and towns of Portugal. An avalanche of Portuguese e-mail fell on leaders and groups in the UN and in certain countries around the world as Portugal's diplomats, perhaps to compensate for the weak initial response to Indonesian armed aggression in 1975, called for the protection of East Timor as an independent state and for UN intervention to thwart Indonesian action. Using global communications networks, the Portuguese were able to mobilize UN and world public opinion against Indonesian actions and aided the eventual independence of East Timor on 20 May 2002.
       From the Revolution of 25 April 1974 until the 1990s, Portugal had a large number of political parties, one of the largest Communist parties in western Europe, frequent elections, and endemic cabinet instability. Since the 1990s, the number of political parties has been dramatically reduced and cabinet stability increased. Gradually, the Portuguese electorate has concentrated around two larger parties, the right-of-center Social Democrats (PSD) and the left-of-center Socialist (PS). In the 1980s, these two parties together garnered 65 percent of the vote and 70 percent of the seats in parliament. In 2005, these percentages had risen to 74 percent and 85 percent, respectively. In effect, Portugal is currently a two-party dominant system in which the two largest parties — PS and PSD—alternate in and out of power, not unlike the rotation of the two main political parties (the Regenerators and the Historicals) during the last decades (1850s to 1880s) of the liberal constitutional monarchy. As Portugal's democracy has consolidated, turnout rates for the eligible electorate have declined. In the 1970s, turnout was 85 percent. In Portugal's most recent parliamentary election (2005), turnout had fallen to 65 percent of the eligible electorate.
       Portugal has benefited greatly from membership in the EU, and whatever doubts remain about the price paid for membership, no Portuguese government in the near future can afford to sever this connection. The vast majority of Portuguese citizens see membership in the EU as a "good thing" and strongly believe that Portugal has benefited from membership. Only the Communist Party opposed membership because it reduces national sovereignty, serves the interests of capitalists not workers, and suffers from a democratic deficit. Despite the high level of support for the EU, Portuguese voters are increasingly not voting in elections for the European Parliament, however. Turnout for European Parliament elections fell from 40 percent of the eligible electorate in the 1999 elections to 38 percent in the 2004 elections.
       In sum, Portugal's turn toward Europe has done much to overcome its backwardness. However, despite the economic, social, and political progress made since 1986, Portugal has a long way to go before it can claim to be on a par with the level found even in Spain, much less the rest of western Europe. As Portugal struggles to move from underde-velopment, especially in the rural areas away from the coast, it must keep in mind the perils of too rapid modern development, which could damage two of its most precious assets: its scenery and environment. The growth and future prosperity of the economy will depend on the degree to which the government and the private sector will remain stewards of clean air, soil, water, and other finite resources on which the tourism industry depends and on which Portugal's world image as a unique place to visit rests. Currently, Portugal is investing heavily in renewable energy from solar, wind, and wave power in order to account for about 50 percent of its electricity needs by 2010. Portugal opened the world's largest solar power plant and the world's first commercial wave power farm in 2006.
       An American documentary film on Portugal produced in the 1970s described this little country as having "a Past in Search of a Future." In the years after the Revolution of 25 April 1974, it could be said that Portugal is now living in "a Present in Search of a Future." Increasingly, that future lies in Europe as an active and productive member of the EU.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Historical Portugal

  • 16 day

    n
    1) день; определенный день; определенное число; (календарная) дата
    2) решающий день; битва, сражение
    •

    to carry the day — одержать победу; взять верх

    to get the day — одержать победу; взять верх

    to have an up-and-down day — колебаться (о ценах, о курсе акций, валюты)

    to win the day — одержать победу; взять верх

    - Africa's Liberation Day
    - AIDS Day
    - Armed Forces Day
    - Armistice Day
    - business day
    - calendar day
    - Christmas Day
    - Columbus Day
    - Commonwealth Day
    - Constitution Day
    - Cosmonautics Day
    - crucial day for smb
    - day of reckoning
    - D-day
    - declaration day
    - Discovery Day
    - Dominion Day
    - Earth Day
    - election day
    - Election Day
    - evil day
    - Father's Day
    - Flag Day
    - Forefather's Day
    - great day for smb
    - Human Rights Day
    - Inauguration Day
    - Independence Day
    - International Day of the Child
    - International Human Rights Day
    - International Woman's Day
    - Judgment Day     - Land Day
    - Lord's day
    - May Day
    - M-day
    - Memorial Day
    - Mother's Day
    - National Day of Freedom and Human Rights
    - national day of mourning
    - national day of protest
    - National Day
    - national polling day
    - nationwide day of action
    - New Years' Day
    - opening day of the trial
    - pay day
    - Pioneer Day
    - polling day
    - red-letter day
    - Republic Day
    - shortened working day
    - sitting day
    - St. Patrick's Day
    - Thanksgiving Day
    - the black day in the history of the world
    - the first one hundred days in office
    - traveling days
    - United Nations Day
    - Valentine's Day
    - VE-D.
    - Veterans Day
    - Victory Day
    - Victory in Europe Day
    - Victory over Japan Day
    - V-J D.
    - week day
    - working day
    - World Anti-Drugs Day
    - World Environment Day
    - World Youth Day

    Politics english-russian dictionary > day

  • 17 bear

    I [beə(r)]
    1) zool. orso m.
    2) colloq. spreg. (man) orso m., persona f. scorbutica
    3) econ. speculatore m. (-trice) al ribasso, ribassista m. e f.
    II 1. [beə(r)]
    verbo transitivo (pass. bore; p.pass. borne)
    1) (carry) [person, animal] portare [ load]
    2) (bring) [ person] portare, recare [gift, message]; [wind, water] (tras)portare [seed, sound]
    3) (show, have) [ envelope] portare, recare, avere [logo, address]; [person, company] portare, avere [name, title]

    he still bears the scars — fig. ne porta ancora i segni

    to bear sth. in mind — ricordare o ricordarsi di [ suggestion]; (take into account) tener conto di [ factors]

    to bear the weight of — [structure, platform] reggere, sopportare il peso di [person, object]

    6) fig. (endure, tolerate) sopportare, tollerare [thought, suspense, smell, person]
    7) fig. (accept) accettare [cost, responsibility]
    8) (stand up to) reggere a, superare [scrutiny, inspection]
    9) (nurture) provare [ love]

    to bear sb. ill will — avere del malanimo verso qcn.

    to bear a grudge against sb. — avercela con qcn., serbare rancore a qcn

    10) (yield) [tree, land] dare, produrre [fruit, blossom, crop]; econ. [account, investment] dare, fruttare [ interest]

    to bear fruit — [ tree] dare frutto; fig. [idea, investment] dare frutti

    11) ant. lett. (p.pass. attivo borne, p.pass. passivo born) (give birth to) [ woman] partorire

    to bear sb. a child — dare un figlio a qcn

    2.
    verbo intransitivo (pass. bore; p.pass. borne)
    1)

    to bear left, right — girare o prendere a sinistra, destra

    to bear east, west — andare a est, ovest

    to bear heavily o hardest on sb. [tax, price increase] gravare su qcn.; to bring pressure to bear on — esercitare pressioni su [person, system]

    3.
    verbo riflessivo (pass. bore; p.pass. borne)

    to bear oneself — (behave) comportarsi

    * * *
    I [beə] past tense - bore; verb
    1) ((usually with cannot, could not etc) to put up with or endure: I couldn't bear it if he left.)
    2) (to be able to support: Will the table bear my weight?)
    3) ((past participle in passive born [bo:n]) to produce (children): She has borne (him) several children; She was born on July 7.)
    4) (to carry: He was borne shoulder-high after his victory.)
    5) (to have: The cheque bore his signature.)
    6) (to turn or fork: The road bears left here.)
    •
    - bearer
    - bearing
    - bearings
    - bear down on
    - bear fruit
    - bear out
    - bear up
    - bear with
    - find/get one's bearings
    - lose one's bearings     II [beə] noun
    (a large heavy animal with thick fur and hooked claws.)
    * * *
    I [beə(r)]
    1) zool. orso m.
    2) colloq. spreg. (man) orso m., persona f. scorbutica
    3) econ. speculatore m. (-trice) al ribasso, ribassista m. e f.
    II 1. [beə(r)]
    verbo transitivo (pass. bore; p.pass. borne)
    1) (carry) [person, animal] portare [ load]
    2) (bring) [ person] portare, recare [gift, message]; [wind, water] (tras)portare [seed, sound]
    3) (show, have) [ envelope] portare, recare, avere [logo, address]; [person, company] portare, avere [name, title]

    he still bears the scars — fig. ne porta ancora i segni

    to bear sth. in mind — ricordare o ricordarsi di [ suggestion]; (take into account) tener conto di [ factors]

    to bear the weight of — [structure, platform] reggere, sopportare il peso di [person, object]

    6) fig. (endure, tolerate) sopportare, tollerare [thought, suspense, smell, person]
    7) fig. (accept) accettare [cost, responsibility]
    8) (stand up to) reggere a, superare [scrutiny, inspection]
    9) (nurture) provare [ love]

    to bear sb. ill will — avere del malanimo verso qcn.

    to bear a grudge against sb. — avercela con qcn., serbare rancore a qcn

    10) (yield) [tree, land] dare, produrre [fruit, blossom, crop]; econ. [account, investment] dare, fruttare [ interest]

    to bear fruit — [ tree] dare frutto; fig. [idea, investment] dare frutti

    11) ant. lett. (p.pass. attivo borne, p.pass. passivo born) (give birth to) [ woman] partorire

    to bear sb. a child — dare un figlio a qcn

    2.
    verbo intransitivo (pass. bore; p.pass. borne)
    1)

    to bear left, right — girare o prendere a sinistra, destra

    to bear east, west — andare a est, ovest

    to bear heavily o hardest on sb. [tax, price increase] gravare su qcn.; to bring pressure to bear on — esercitare pressioni su [person, system]

    3.
    verbo riflessivo (pass. bore; p.pass. borne)

    to bear oneself — (behave) comportarsi

    English-Italian dictionary > bear

  • 18 prevail

    преобладать глагол:

    Англо-русский синонимический словарь > prevail

  • 19 conquer the field

    одержать победу глагол:

    Англо-русский синонимический словарь > conquer the field

  • 20 have

    1. n имущие

    the haves and have-nots — богатые и бедные; имущие и неимущие

    2. n разг. обман, надувательство
    3. v иметь

    all I have — всё, что у меня есть

    I have no words to express … — у меня не хватает слов, чтобы выразить …

    I had my work to do — мне надо было сделать работу; у меня ещё была работа

    4. v обладать, иметь
    5. v состоять из; иметь в качестве составной или неотъемлемой части

    to have the duty — нести вахту, стоять на часах

    to have the say-so — иметь власть, распоряжаться

    6. v получать

    they had no news of him — они не получали о нём известий, они ничего не слышали о нём

    7. v приобретать
    8. v узнавать
    9. v добиваться
    10. v зарабатывать
    11. v находиться; иметься

    to have good health — быть здоровым, иметь крепкое здоровье

    12. v происходить, случаться
    13. v знать; уметь

    have you no manner? — вы что, не умеете вести себя?

    14. v разг. усваивать, понимать; найти решение

    have you decided? — вы приняли решение?; вы решились на что-нибудь?

    15. v взять в жёны или мужья

    to have a nose for news — умение выведать всё, что случилось

    to have the world before one — иметь перед собой всю жизнь;

    have you got all you require? — у вас есть всё, что нужно ?

    16. v принимать

    to have a bath — принимать ванну; мыться, купаться

    17. v взять, принять

    to have the best of it — взять верх, победить, одолеть

    18. v разг. одолеть, взять верх, победить

    rather, we have won — наоборот, мы победили

    to have the victory — одержать победу, победить

    to have the upper hand — одержать верх, одолеть, выиграть

    19. v разг. обмануть, обойти, перехитрить

    I am afraid you have been done — боюсь, что вас обманули

    Синонимический ряд:
    1. bear (verb) bear; beget; bring forth; deliver; possess
    2. bribe (verb) bribe; buy; buy off; fix; sop; square; tamper with
    3. carry (verb) carry; display; exhibit
    4. command (verb) boast; command
    5. engage (verb) carry on; engage; indulge; partake; participate
    6. fool (verb) beguile; betray; bluff; deceive; delude; dupe; fool; humbug; mislead; trick
    7. get (verb) acquire; annex; chalk up; compass; gain; get; land; obtain; pick up; procure; pull; receive; secure; take; win
    8. give (verb) give; hold; organize; stage
    9. include (verb) comprise; consist of; contain; embody; embrace; encompass; include; involve; subsume; take in
    10. know (verb) appreciate; apprehend; cognize; comprehend; fathom; grasp; know; understand
    11. let (verb) allow; leave; let; permit; suffer
    12. must (verb) must; need; ought; should
    13. outwit (verb) outfox; outgeneral; outjockey; outmaneuver; outreach; outslick; outsmart; outthink; outwit; overreach; undo
    14. own (verb) enjoy; occupy; own; possess; retain
    15. see (verb) endure; experience; feel; go through; meet with; see; sustain; taste; undergo
    16. state (verb) assert; asseverate; aver; maintain; state; testify
    Антонимический ряд:
    cancel; covet; desire; discard; exclude; forego; lack; lose; miss; need; reject; want

    English-Russian base dictionary > have

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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